Crusades effected the English people politically, economically, and by exposing the Englishmen to new cultures. The Crusades had a significant influence in Europe in general, not just English people. At the time, the continent was united under a powerful Pope, but by the end of the 14th century, centralized bureaucracies (which have been defined as the foundation of the modern nation state) was flourishing in England, France, Spain, and other countries, due to the tyrannical dominance of the church during the Crusades. The Crusader society in the Kingdom of Jerusalem was also characterized by a culture of innovation, including political structures, governance, and taxation. The need to raise, transport, and supply the large armies led to a flourishing of trade throughout Europe.
There were many factors that helped the growth of The British Empire such as early settlers and trading companies, however the Navigation Acts rapidly accelerated the success of the trading companies therefore expanding The British Empire. The Navigation Acts were a set of laws that kept trade in the hands of the British; this gave them ultimate power over most trade and gained them a lot of wealth and thus success. Government and war played a significant role in the growth of the British Empire which gave them more power such as the EIC winning a number of sea battles against the Dutch which granted another firmum which gave the company more effective trading. Trading companies helped the growth of the British Empire, as without these, there would have been no income, meaning Britain couldn’t gain more land and secure more footholds. The trading companies played a significant role in triggering the Navigation Acts, but it was the acts themselves that put trade in the hands of the British.
These waves of progress allowed opportunity for major growth. Encouraged by these new strengths, nations sought to expand not only within their borders, but also to revamp their overseas empires and look for new benefits in far off lands. These nations began to feel superior, so they colonize and took control, by military force, international pressure, or economic, influence, of resource-rich but weak countries beneficial to their economic and national expansion. Strategic positioning was also a reason for Imperialism. Great Britain sought control of Egypt to safeguard the route to their flourishing empire in India.
Hakluyt also pointed that the overflow of people, both in need of religious freedom and in want of more business opportunities, within England needed a place to go. America is not only perfect for dumping those excess peoples into, but also exceeds that by also bringing profit from those living in those colonies. One of the major points that Hakluyt drives home is the comeuppance to Spain by creating demand for goods and shipping, and thereby creating profit for England and away from the plundering Spanish. From the profits of the taxes and duties of the new shipping industry, Hakluyt believes a powerful navy can be built for the protection and preservation of the growing British Empire. In 1584, when Hakluyt wrote his Discourse, he says that England at the time was swarming with unemployed youths, men, soldiers, prisoners, and beggars.
Louis the 14th was a very powerful king that had many positive influences over the country of France. As absolute monarch, Louis the 14th had an incredible strategy for ruling and improving his county, making him noteworthy of the title as the greatest king in the history of his country. Louis was able to increase France’s economy by producing its own goods to trade with other countries, as opposed to purchasing goods from other places, which proves to be more costly. In addition to that, he assembled the most advanced army in Europe at that time. Interestingly, Louis became a patron of the arts, and greatly shaped France’s culture by emphasizing the importance of art and theater, climaxing with the Palace at Versailles.
From Spain becoming a big European power to the addition of the Spanish Acquisition and Christopher Columbus discovering new land these changes had many affects ranging from good to disastrous. The Spaniard’s grew drastically throughout the late 1400’s. Spain’s growth was mainly due to the marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon. On their wedding day their kingdoms were torn apart by civil war. But this would not stop them from laying the foundation that would lead to a great rise in power.
“Isabella and Ferdinand successfully strengthened the authority and power of the Crown in “Spain” by taming the Castilian aristocracy.” To what extent do you agree with this view? Though it is unquestionable that Isabella and Ferdinand did increase the authority of the Crown within “Spain” by 1516. It is, however, more debatable whether the taming of the aristocracy was the sole reason. Other factors such as the unifying of faith within Spain through the exile of the Jews and Muslims, along with their personal style of peripatetic monarchy, surely contributed greatly to their success. The issue of the aristocracy must be addressed first; their influence should not be underestimated, coming from high social backgrounds and many of which held a position in government they generally had at least some form of power, either socially or with direct influence within parliament.
This helped Britain gain such a large Empire because by fighting and winning these wars they gained more of the land and more power over the people, it gives them more money and riches and they show themselves as the dominant country. They were able to then go and gain the other sections of India. Another way Britain gained such a large Empire was through trade. For example when the EIC (East Indian Company) started to trade in India they made money for the army and Britain as a whole, they also gained the trust of the people by trading fairly, and they got well paid in crates of spices, calico, gems and silk by the princes and Maharajas of India when the British helped them fight their battles. This helped Britain gain such a large Empire because by trading they got money and power so that they could send out exploration ships and armies to go to other countries and take it.
European Civilizations Medieval Europe Evolution: Chaos to Order The rise of medieval authority among three elements of feudal structure, European kings, the centralized authority of popes, and God's authority in the common belief of salvation in heaven, brought from chaos after barbarian and Muslim conquest a steady emergence of spiritual security and peace; from peace then grew order. With common goals, interests, and laws among these three authorities and the social classes they governed, chaos diminished because of overall stability, prompting the growth of order. As European feudal population exploded, labor to produce from the land bolstered the economy and created economic security, therefore reinstating wealth from trade, which promoted the growth of order. Since medieval civilization’s rulers’ ideas were continually changing, the transition from chaos to order was a constant progress. Feudal laws generated by kings, by popes, and by God's authority in the belief of salvation in heaven, and the balance of power that standardized heavenly and earthly kingdoms, created a wealth of common interests and ideas, and common regulations, which, in turn, inspired the consent of the governed.
As a result, Jefferson, Montesquieu, Locke, and other members of the founding generation were deeply influenced by this 18th-century European intellectual movement. These philosophers were exposed to some of the leading thinkers of the Enlightenment who believed rational thought and useful knowledge guaranteed an optimistic outlook of hope and promise of a better future. Not only that, but the many culminating revolutions that revolved - the Scientific Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, etc. - as well as a great environmental awareness were many factors as a result of the Enlightenment. Jefferson drew upon his education in law and Enlightenment philosophy in order to compose the Declaration of Independence, a treatise that focused on liberty and slavery.