A submissive person usually fears upsetting others because they do not wish to hurt their feelings or fear them. Submissive people also usually assume that they are to blame for things, even if they are not. They also accept culpability when singled out by others. Avoidance Behaviour Avoidance behaviour is when a person distracts themselves from an activity or task to which an unpleasant emotion is attached to. Usually this emotion is fear.
He agrees with Lewis’s idea that human beings are naturally motivated by the basic desire to be “in” and not “out”, and that this desire often causes an individual to cross the line between good and evil (Zimbardo 2008). Zimbardo uses examples that range from highly publicized news incidents to popular and more subtle processes such as fraternity initiation rituals to validate this argument. He makes a point to warn the reader to take on an impartial role and suspend any
To not air such pranks; this can be easily accepted universally, which is in compliance with Kantian ethics. Perceived negatives that could come from Kantian ethics could be that even if the outcome is not ethical under this theory, an individual is compelled to follow their instruction. However, in this case the decision to
Furthermore, the idea of conscience can be limited through feelings such as guilt. Our actions may be influence if we feel guilty about something. For instance, telling a friend what they want to hear rather than the actual truth. Similarly, some political laws will limit our conscience as we have no choice but to live by them. It is argued that if we yield to this pressure it limits our
While fringe members were more inclined to recognize that they had made fools of themselves and to put it down to experience, committed members were more likely to re-interpret the evidence to show that they were right all along. When someone is forced to do something they really don't want to do, dissonance is created between their cognition and their behavior. Forced compliance occurs when an individual performs an action that is inconsistent with his or her beliefs. The behavior can't be changed, since it is already in the past, so dissonance will need to be reduced by re-evaluating their attitude to what they have done. This prediction has been tested
In order to accept a life of obedience, drudgery, and fear, the people of Equality 7-2521’s society follow ideas of Collectivism, Altruism, and Conformity which eliminate the thought of opposition to the leaders, also known as the World Council. Collectivism creates a tie between man and a group of people comparable to Anthem. Altruism creates a feeling opposite of individualism also similar to Anthem, where the people do not have their own thoughts or even have the knowledge of whether they could ever choose Transgression of Preference. Conformity is one of the key aspects of life in Equality’s society which the members of the World Council depend on and one reason why the people do not oppose anything they say. As a result, the people of Anthem’s society live a life whose purpose is not for them individually or for their own self-interest, but for the sake of the World Council and their “brothers.” Instead of living by one’s own mind, society as a whole in Anthem follows a strict policy of Collectivism for the sake of “the common good.” In addition to forcing occupations on the people, the World Council keeps a strong hold of everyone’s daily schedule so that their future plans can not be affected in any way.
Uncivil behaviors that are not addressed, may progress into threatening situations or result in temporary or permanent illness or injury. I am inclined to define incivility as behavior that does not comply with The Golden Rule, which essentially states either of the following: 1) Positive Form: One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself. 2) Negative Form: One should not treat others in ways that one would not like to be treated. This concept can be explained from the perspective of: 1) Psychology: empathizing with others. 2) Philosophy: perceiving their neighbor as self.
Cultural relativism is the idea that the moral principles someone has are solely determined by the culture one lives in. These ideas seem to make sense because we as a culture understand that the judgments people make in a different culture will differ from ours whether we choose to support it or not. Our culture has different moral judgments as well and does not look at something like killing someone for stealing as morally right since our culture values human life above theft. Cultural relativism does not exist because some principles are universal and not relative only to culture. People also have the ability to think morally for themselves so morality is relative to someone’s point of view.
Montag chose to love by this passage near the end of the story. He learned that by following his own rules he would be the controller of the outcome in his life. Once he began to demonstrate actions that he felt were acceptable, his personality changed enormously. This story was a perfect example of what may happen when a human is told what to do, instead of having the option of doing what they truly believe they should do. According to John F. Kennedy, “Conformity is jailer of freedom and the enemy of
Social normative theory can help explain why the subjects in the experiment obeyed. According to Brown, 1986 “Obedience may be an ingrained habit that’s difficult to resist” (Gross, 2010, pg 419) Socialisation makes it a norm to follow the hierarchy of society and view obedience as necessary. When someone from a seemingly legitimate source says something contradictory to our beliefs and morals it creates tension and conflict within us as our first reaction is to obey. This is demonstrated in Milgram’s experiment when the subjects “displayed fears similar to those who defied the experimenter; yet they obeyed” (Milgram, 1963, pg 376). The subject followed the expected behaviour despite his reluctance to continue.