Describe and Evaluate Factors Affecting Jury Decision Making

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Describe and evaluate factors affecting jury decision making. Jury decision making involves the process of twelve randomly selected members of the public, to decide upon the verdict whether a criminal is either guilty or not guilty for their previous actions that has resulted in them being in this situation. The jury can either be all male or all female or mixed. A person will know if they are to be part of a jury as they will receive a summons through the post informing them of their duty. In the United Kingdom, to be part of a jury you must be in between the ages of 18 and 70 and be registered on the electoral roll. According to Hastie et al (1983) there are three processes that a jury has to go through in order to make a decision during deliberation. Firstly, orientation which is the relaxed, open-ended ‘orientation period’ which involves the exploration of facts. Secondly, conflict which is where the3 different opinions become apparent and is a stage where the group can slip into conflict and finally, reconciliation which is the attempt to make the atmosphere relaxed again from previous conflicts. Juries are different to judges in terms of their decision making processes. For example, group processes affect the decision process as it has to be a final answer that the majority agrees with. Another difference between judges and juries is that a judge is just one person whereas a jury is made up of 12 randomly selected people with no specific requirement for qualifications. A weakness of a judge is that the judge is only one person so the decision could face potential bias but a strength is that the judge has more than likely had many years of experience and holds qualifications to do that job. A weakness of a jury is that they are not qualified to do that job but a strength is that there is a sufficient number of responses that should equal out to give a fair

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