Introduction A toy/game that is interactive helps the child develop in many different parts of his body and mind. We will learn about the types of play for an early childhood aged kid. I will tell you about the game and how it is used. In addition, how the game helps with the child’s development. Type of Play Play is very important in the child’s growth and development (Myers 2012).
Unit 331 understand child and young person development. 1.1 Sequence and rate of development is all dependant on the individual child/young person, their physical, communication, intellectual and social development is crucial to understand in order to help them. 0 to 3 years old babies are new to this atmosphere they use small muscle movements such as reflexes, sucking, smiling and raising their hands. By 5 months they begin to roll over and shuffle, at 8 months they pull and push on toys/furniture/anything and everything to stand and then glide using the same method of transport. At this stage they are now becoming more curious and want to play with toys, teeth are beginning to sprout and they are now eating solids.
While Piaget’s cognitive theory consists of four stages (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational) that children go through as they grow, McCrink and Wynn proposed a different theory of cognitive development. They developed a deeper theory suggesting that children are able to understand object permanence at an earlier age, 5-6 months, because they are able to track objects, or at least a very small limited amount at a time (McCrink & Wynn, 2004). This is because infants can remember and file objects in memory of the few objects that exist before them. In addition to object permanence, they can also discern when objects are added or subtracted before them not because
Jean Piaget best described the stages from birth to two years in what he called the sensorimotor stage. It is a stage based on infants and toddlers cognitive development. An infant uses his or her senses and motor abilities to understand the world, beginning with reflexes and ending with complex combinations of sensorimotor skills (Boeree, G.C. (2009). During the first four months of life, according to Piaget, infants interact with the world through primary circular reactions.
By two years old, children begin testing and exploring this idea. Three year olds understand visual perception and the concept of hiding objects. By the time a child is four, they understand that people can have incorrect thoughts about the world. In opposition to the traditional understanding that babies and young children learn and think differently than adults, Gopnik suggests that babies and young children use the same learning methods as scientists. They “observe, formulate theories, make predictions, and do experiments” (Gopnik, 237) to learn about people, objects, and their surroundings.
(For full explanation on schemas, conservation, assimilation and accommodation and explanations of terminology see appendix 2). He put forward a theory of cognitive developmental stages and theorised that children would operate at a certain level/stage (this would also apply to adults in the Formal Operations stage). His particular insight was the role of maturation (growing up) in children's increasing capacity to understand their world: they cannot undertake certain tasks until they are psychologically mature enough to do so. He put forward a theory of 4 stages of development: Sensori-motor Birth – 2 years Preoperational 2 – 7 Years Concrete Operational 7 – 12 Years Formal Operational 12 Years and up (See appendix 1 for detailed description of four stages) Example of sensorimotor and contradiction of Piaget’s theory Children can be more cognitively skilled than Piaget recognised. For example, babies as young as four months appear to have a concept of object permanence and young children are capable of conservation if given meaningful context.
Apple and mud pies are both easy to make, with simple ingredients, mixing process and baking, but an apple pie is usually made in a kitchen by an adult, whereas a mud pie is made outside, generally by a child, with end results being quite different. A mud pie is made in the yard with sand and water. You can make your own mud by adding water to a sandy spot in the yard or mixing sand and water in a container; sometimes you can find mud in a puddle after a rain storm. After you have your ingredients mixed, you just put them in an old pie tin, small bowl, or sand castle mold, and then let it dry in the sunshine. A mud pie is dry, grainy, and cracks easily.
Unit 82 Creative learning is about children being actively involved in their own learning and their ability to make their own choices and decisions. Helping children to develop imaginative thinking which can be achieved through exploration of a creative environment of various materials and objects. Helping children to develop problem solving skills such as construction and Ict. Providing children with opportunities to make connections between different areas and to be able to relate to them. Some creative learning activities may be focused on achieving a goal for example making a den.
However, Donald Winnicott and Kendall Walton believe that play is a theory which applies itself to many different areas of life, beginning in the infant years and progressing through adolescence into adult hood. The philosopher Walton focuses on the concept of imagining and ‘the game world.’ To Walton the game world consists of any time you enter into a game or a world of make believe. His focus is primarily on children and infants and the way they explore and make sense of the world through the medium of play. ‘Play in children is a way of understanding and exploring the world.’ (Walton, K. 1990). He believes that if we want to understand art and performance we should look to children for guidance.
Some toys in both the boys and girls aisles could actually be used in either gender such as Leap frog education, Little Einstein, waterproof cameras and video recorders, and even some video games. Some of the toys will help shape how both genders grow up and think about the world. A lot of kids are a product of their environment the toys they play with and the books they are taught to read. In chapter 4 of the book it talks about all the things I have been writing about in this paper. Things such as; how genders start to realize if they are boys or girls by the age of two and growing up and going through gender schemas.