Cost Benefit Analysis

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COST BENEFIT ANALTSIS IN HEALTH PROGRAMS INTERVENTIONS Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) is an economic evaluation technique that measures all the positive -- (beneficial) and negative (costly) consequences of an intervention or program in monetary terms. The valuation of all program outcomes in monetary units allows decision makers to directly compare the health outcomes of different types of health interventions. CBA can also be used to compare health-related interventions to those in other economic sectors. For example, when deciding how to allocate the limited funding approved by a state or local legislature, policy makers might have to choose between implementing a statewide, school-based screening program for tuberculosis infection or a job-training program for the unemployed. For each of these competing programs, CBA enables policy makers to determine whether the value of its positive consequences exceeds the value of societal resources required to implement the program. This will help policy makers choose the program that provides the best return on investing societal resources Cost benefit analysis helps to appraise, or assess, the case for a project, programme or policy proposal; an approach to making economic decisions of any kind. Weighing total expected cost against total expected benefits of one or more actions in order to choose the most profitable. It used by governments to evaluate desirability of a given intervention. Costs and benefits of intervention are evaluated in terms of public willingness to pay for pay benefits and pay to avoid costs. Inputs are typically measured in terms of opportunity cost Process=monetary value of initial and ongoing expenses vs. expected returns. Cost effective analysis A number of approaches are available to understand the economic costs and impact on health outcomes. The most common type of economic
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