The traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease are high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, family history, diabetes, smoking, being post-menopausal for women and being older than 45 for men, obesity may also be a risk factor. Once the inner wall of an artery is damaged, fatty deposits (plaques) made of cholesterol and other cellular waste products tend to accumulate at the site of injury in a process called atherosclerosis. If the surface of these plaques breaks or ruptures, blood cells called platelets will clump at the site to try to repair the artery. This clump can block the artery, leading to a heart attack. Lifestyle changes and medicines can help control CAD.
Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing (C228) – Task #2 TUBERCULOSIS Stephanie Sanderson Western Governors University Mentor: Mikki Naught October 12, 2014 Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (or, “TB”) has existed throughout history. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (or, M. tuberculosis) is the causative bacterium in most cases of TB. M. tuberculosis was first described by Robert Koch in March of 1882. Presently, it is one of the world’s deadliest diseases (www.cdc.gov). In 2013, more than 9500 cases of TB were reported in the United States alone; during the previous year, there were about 1.3 million TB-related deaths, worldwide.
Group D Screening Project Anh Nguyen, Jamie O'Farrell, Michael Seeley and Christopher Wilson Maryville University Group D Screening Project Client B is a 54 year old Caucasian male with a family history of heart disease. Some relatives have experienced heart disease prior to the age of 55, with his mother dying from a myocardial infarction at age 63. The client states that he has never smoked, but drinks daily, exercises 5 days a week and has no other significant medical history. For this particular client several preventive screening recommendations can be made. According to the CDC preventive screening are recognized to be cost effective in treating and identifying health problems in at risk individuals ("Healthier Worksite
Assignment by Lliam Hunt Liver cancer can be defined as a Liver cancer can be caused by chronic alcohol consumption and is the most common association to liver cancer in the world. An autopsy showed half of alcoholics, previously unsuspected to have cancer, have early evidence of cancer hidden within the liver. This life style choice of large and continuous consumption of alcohol is a factor of why liver cancer develops in. The usual setting is an individual with alcoholic cirrhosis who has stopped drinking for 10 years and then develops liver cancer. It is somewhat unusual for an actively drinking alcoholic to develop liver cancer.
There are many consequences to smoking like health problems, addiction, and economic costs. Second hand smoke is a major problem, since smoking is allowed in a lot of places. Second hand smoke has fifty cancer causing chemicals which are inhaled by non-smokers. Second hand tobacco smoke is also called Environment Tobacco Smoke (ETS). ETS is made up of the smoke that comes from the end of a cigarette, pipe or cigar called side-stream smoke.
John is a current smoker of 20-30 cigarettes per day and has an excessive alcohol intake; his weight is also at the upper end of a healthy range. He lives with his partner and is not taking any medication including over the counter products. He is known to his GP therefore a full medical history was not taken, however the importance of taking a medical history provides the practitioner with an overview of their past and current health issues, drug history, allergies, social history and any family history this helps to build a picture of their current lifestyle and aid accurate diagnosis and to avoid drug reactions (Allan 2008). Differential Diagnosis In order to diagnose and treat hypertension correctly BP should be measured in both arms (NICE 2011). Hypertension can be defined as a haemodynamic disorder.
An ischemic stroke is usually characterized by a reduction or obstruction of blood supply to the brain due to blocked blood vessels caused by atherosclerosis or a blood clot. Up to twelve percent of ischemic strokes often cause death within thirty days and is among the largest health burdens in developed countries. It is worth noting that the epidemiology of stroke has been changing because of several factors, with the most important being an ageing population, as well as advancements in the treatment of the condition. Stroke prevalence is projected to increase globally as the population of individuals aged above sixty-five years augments (Ovbiagele et al., 2013, p. 2363). Ovbiagele et al.
Your skin loses oxygen and minerals, which can cause premature aging. Nicotine also causes your skin, teeth and fingernails to turn yellow. Also, the opposing side may also say that smoking cigarettes relieves stress, but for those who are teenagers smoking cigarettes it causes a lot of depression. They are 15 more times likely than non smokers to get panic attacks. The nicotine constricts the blood vessels which prevents breathing, anxiety attacks are more
A research of “American Lung Association and American Heart Association” reviewed by “Elizabeth Klodas, MD, FACC” on May 08, 2012. http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure says that about 30% of all deaths from heart disease in the U.S. are directly related to cigarette smoking. That's because smoking is a major cause of coronary artery disease, especially in younger people. Smokers are more likely to get cancer than non-smokers. This is particularly true of lung cancer, throat cancer and mouth cancer, which hardly ever affect non-smokers. The more cigarettes you smoke in a day, and the longer you have smoked, the higher your risk of lung cancer.
That is more deaths than the combined total for HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, suicides, and murders. The American Cancer Society’s chairman John R. Seffrin said, “The most preventable cause of death in our society is tobacco.” According to the World Health Organization, cancers are the first killers of human beings, and 70% of cancers are related to lung cancer caused by smoking cigarettes. In America, 23.1% of men, which is 24.8 million, are smokers, and 18.3% of women, which is 21.1 million, are smokers. Over one billion people smoke cigarettes regularly. In the world, 5.4 million people died of smoking cigarettes in 2010.