Annotated Bibliography On Murray Butler

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Murray Butler, Loren. “Robert S. Mulliken and the Politics of Science and Scientists, 1939–1946.” Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 25 (1994): 25–45. Coulson, Charles Alfred. “Recent Developments in Valence Theory.” Pure and Applied Chemistry 24 (1970): 257–287. Gavroglu, Kostas, and Ana Simões. “The Americans, the Germans and the Beginnings of Quantum Chemistry: The Confluence of Diverging Traditions.” Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 25 (1994): 47–110. Hoffmann, Roald, “Kenichi Fukui (1918–1998).” Nature 391 (1998): 750. Longuet-Higgins, Hugh Christopher. “Robert Sanderson Mulliken.” Biographical Memoirs of the Fellows of the Royal Society 35 (1990): 329–354. Löwdin, Per-Olov, and Bernard…show more content…
He said that James had done “more harm to psychology than any man that ever lived,” and threatened to resign if Murray was given tenure (Robinson, 1992, p. 225). Lashley saw this as a clash between “the older humanistic and philosophical psychology” (Murray) versus the new more exact and biological approach to psychology (Lashley). The tenure vote was split three to three. As a compromise, Murray was given two five-year non-tenured appointments. Murray, angered at this critical tenure review by men whose opinion he did not overly respect, went on leave from 1937 until the fall of 1941. After a year in Europe, he returned to the United States to work on his biography of Herman Melville, taking Melville through age thirtythree, when he finished Pierre. With the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the world changed, and Murray’s conception of himself and his work in the world also changed. Fighting against Nazism and winning World War II became of greatest immediate importance, while exploring the unconscious had a lower priority. In response to a request from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), predecessor to the Central Intelligence Agency, Murray finished by October 1943 a 227-page psychological study of Adolf Hitler, “Analysis of the Personality of Adolph [sic] Hitler, with Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany’s Surrender.” Much of this was later published, without adequate acknowledgement of Murray’s role, by Walter C. Langer as The Mind of Adolf Hitler: The Secret Wartime Report (1972). Once the Hitler study was completed, Murray went to Washington, DC, to eventually lead a program selecting recruits for the OSS intelligence service. This multiform assessment drew on procedures from the Harvard Psychological Clinic and used a variety of tests of intelligence, mechanical ability, group problem solving, debating ability, and physical

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