Ancient Artes Liberales and Virtue

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The history of the ancient Artes liberales, illustrated by a choice of quotes in mondays lecture of Prof. Zimmermann stroke me as an interesting concept to think about the use of knowledge and studying itself. The value of the Septem Artes liberales to a greek or roman citizen was paramount, the only way to gain actual citizenship. This mandatory step was thus commented by several philosphers.Especially Senecas quote out of his Epistulae morales was in my opinion quite remarkable. The Artes liberales were not resulting in gained virtue, writes Seneca on the question of the use of this higher education, but prepares the students to receive it¹. He meant the studies are not more than a worthy preparation for what he implies when talking about receiving virtues – the studies of philosophy. When I read the word „virtutem“ I instantly thought about virtue, moral judging and guidance and how it relates to gaining and applying knowledge. When I think of virtue in the sense of goodness, it seems to be something beyond scholar education, beyond academic ranks. Something hard to grasp and even harder to obtain. A lifelong aim, like the quest of finding a „heart of gold“ described in a song by Neil Young, that I was reminded of. However knowledge can bridge these challenges and come closer to gaining high moral standarts as the term „virtue“ implies, because it helps to understand problems and circumstances in a wider sense, with a wider perception. One comment in the lecture gave attention the practical value of studying. The skills we are adapting now will help us to approach any other scientific dicipline more easily. Moral judging requires the consideration of all relevant facts. As Wittgenstein stated: „The world is the totallity of facts, not of things.“² All facts have to be examined when it comes to moral judgement. Taken all facts to acoount helps to have

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