In the collision theory reactions can happen when the reactant particles collide successfully but most collisions are not successful. The reason is the particles have different kinetic energy but only a small fraction of has enough energy to break bonds and have chemical change. It can be observed by changing the factors of the reactants. For example: As the temperature is increased the reaction rate will increase. When we increase the temperature of the Hydrochloric acid (HCl) the reaction will be quicker, more gas will be formed in a short amount of time.
Catalysts operate by decreasing the value of the activation energy for the reaction. [1] The iodide ions lower the activation energy, making it easier for the reactants to convert to the products and vice versa, hence speeding up the reaction. We use an adaptation of the Arrhenius equation ln k’ = -Ea/RT + ln A . where k’ is the rate constant, Ea is the activation energy, R is the universal gas constant and T is temperature. [2] to determine the Activation Energy.
One of the major sources of error in this experiment is that the volume of metal ball will rise while the surrounding water’s temperature rise. The metal ball has fixed amount of gas, so with higher volume the inner pressure of the metal ball will be lower. In order to reduce the error and improve this experiment, we can use a metal with lower coefficient of volume expansion. Objective: The objective of the second lab is to determine the relationship between the pressure and volume of gas with fixed temperature. Based on the Bayle’s Law, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume with fixed temperature.
At the second titration, the experiment was exactly the same as the first titration but the H2SO4 solution was used to instead of the HCl solution. The same step as the first experiment was repeated. In the third experiment, the buret had used Ba (OH) 2 thoroughly rinsed three times. 10mL of HCl
Procedure: We used 3 test tubes per “run”. Tube 1 was filled with 0.1 ml of guaiacol, 1.0 ml of peroxidase (Turnip extract), and 8.9 ml of distilled water. Tube 2 contained; 0.1 ml f guaiacol, 0.2 ml of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2 O2), and 4.7ml of distilled water. Tube 3 was filled with 1.0ml of peroxidase and 4.0ml of distilled water. These three tubes acted as our baseline.
It is the one that we used in our experiment. Catalase will only work with Hydrogen Peroxide. It speeds up the breakdown of this toxic chemical into water and oxygen (2H202 (l) --->2H2O2 (l) +O2 (g)). Catalase is important because it breaks down Hydrogen Peroxide. Hydrogen Peroxide at high concentrations can be lethal.
The density, The boiling point. Observations First Trial The streams of bubbles initially made me confused because there were more bubbles in the water bath, and after I cooled down the set up the entire unknown liquid had evaporated, which meant that I had passed the boiling point a long time ago but did not notice, this happened when the setup was heated up to 100oC. Second Trial The unknown liquid is transparent and volatile. Rapid streams of bubbles appear at 74.0oC when heating During cool down the streams reduce, and the unknown liquid is sucked into the capillary tube that is placed in the test tube of the unknown liquid at 65oC. Third Trial Rapid streams appear at 67oC, and the unknown rose into the capillary tube at 65oC.
Diffusion moves down the concentration gradient, which is the difference in the concentration of molecules across a space”. “Osmosis will occur when there is an uneven distribution of solute in a solvent. The higher the solute in solvent, then there will be a higher rate of osmosis through the diffusion gradient forming a hypertonic or hypotonic solution. Solvent with equal or no solute forms an isotonic solution”. Hypothesis : When the quails’ eggs are immersed into 0% (distilled water), 5%, and 15% concentration of sodium chloride solution, the final mass of the quails’ eggs will increase.
The eudiometer will show the displacement of the water in volume of CO2. Hypothesis: I predict that the greater the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the greater the rate of reaction and so more carbon dioxide will be produced in the same time period than at lower concentrations. I predict this because there will be more collisions between the calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. Variable Factors Reasons Control 1.Time duration of experiment 2. Mass of Marble Chips 3.Surface Area of Marble Chips 4..
The powder that remains will have lost some mass as smoke, but this resultant mass is still more than the mass of the metal that was burnt. Burning magnesium in air is a chemical reaction called oxidation and the compound produced is totally different from the two elements that have been combined. Each element is made up of atoms and the compound is made up of two elements joined together. The chemical formula for the reaction is below; 2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO Magnesium + Oxygen -> Magnesium Oxide The equation above shows that magnesium and oxygen have combined as the product of the reaction, their mass of each element has also combined in the reaction. Magnesium is a very reactive metal which when heated burns with a white flame.