Tobacco cultivation and exports formed an essential component of the American colonial economy during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Tobacco plantations were distinct from other cash crops in terms of agricultural demands, trade, slave labor, and plantation culture. Many influential American revolutionaries, including Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, owned tobacco plantations, and were financially devastated by debt to British tobacco merchants shortly before the American Revolution. John Rolfe, a colonist from Jamestown, was the first to grow tobacco in America. He arrived in Virginia with tobacco seeds procured on an earlier voyage to Trinidad, and in 1612 he harvested his inaugural crop for sale on the European market.
William Bradford (Plymouth governor) William Bradford (March 19, 1590 – May 9, 1657) was an English leader of the settlers of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, and was elected thirty times to be the Governor after John Carver died. His journal (1620–1647), was published as Of Plymouth Plantation. Bradford is credited as the first to proclaim what popular American culture now views as the first Thanksgiving. Governor of the Plymouth Colony in America for 30 years. A member of the Separatist movement within Puritanism, in 1609 he left England and went to Holland seeking religious freedom.
Winthrop said they must “delight in each other, make others’ conditions our own…” (Document A). By the 1700s the New England settlers had created a colony that was very dependent on each other and God. The Chesapeake colonies had very different settlers, however. On a manifest with seventy five names, sixty four of them were men who came to the New World to make a fortune and get out of debt (Document C). While fighting the Dutch Governor Berkeley identified one third of his fighting men as single and many of which were in debt (Document G).
Tobacco production not only helped the colony grow prosperous, it also created new opportunities for over 90,000 immigrants who moved to the colony as indentured servants. Similarly, the New England economy was based on trade in the fishing and timber industries because of easy access to ports and wooded areas. Like Chesapeake families, New England colonists farmed, however, New Englanders practiced subsistence farming, small family farms which produced only enough food for a single family’s use. Another similarity between the two colonies is how both colonies dealt with the Indians. In the Virginia colony, Powhatan’s brother, Opechancanough, led a surprise attack on Virginia colonists and murdered over 300 of the 1,200 men in the colony.
- Battle for Quebec was fought on the Plains of Abraham. - Around 1760 Spain entered the war on the side of France; William Pitt payed Prussians to fight for Britain. When France lost and Spain was left holding the bag. WHen the negotiations of the treaties Britain asked for Florida from Spain in exchange for Cuba. *British also got the country of India* -1762: British forces invaded Cuba and took it over.
How did recently freed English indentured servants affect the development of slavery? The Englishmen, who came to Virginia as indentured servants, once freed, spread up Virginia’s rivers and coasts, creating their own households and plantations, similar to the ones they had once worked on. In only a few years, they too would have slaves working on tobacco farms, earning them 10 to 12 pounds a year. Without these servants being freed, slavery would not have spread past Virginia and into the rest of the colonies; thus, prolonging the existence of an economy reliant on
As more settlers came in the situation kept on becoming worse, until 1612 when John Rolfe began the planting of tobacco, which was soon known as the cash crop for the colonies. As time passed tobacco plantations were opening up every where and there was a great need for more labor. In the beginning white indentured servants were used,
Indentured servitude is the practice of becoming someone’s laborer for 3 to 10 years. There are three main forms of indentured servants. In Colonial America there were the free-willers or redemptioners who often bound themselves to get free passage to America, those who were kidnapped and taken away, or those felons sentenced for deportation. Indentured servants often came to America because once they were free they would be able to acquire cheap land and have plenty of space to spread out. Many Americans believed that there was only the black slavery.
Rebellion against the British Government My fellow New Yorkers, I am Isaac Sears of the Patriot faction. I was born in 1730 in Massachusetts, but then later moved to New York for better opportunity. Here in New York, I apprenticed as a sea captain at the age of sixteen. I made my fortune during the 7 Years War of 1754-1763 by commanding privateering vessels in the war against France. As a privateer, I was able to keep a high percentage of the cargo on the ships in which I have captured.
ROANOKE – * The Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island in Dare County, present-day North Carolina, United States, was a late-16th-century attempt by Queen Elizabeth I to establish a permanent English settlement. * The enterprise was financed and organized originally by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, who drowned in 1583 during an aborted attempt to colonize St. John's, Newfoundland. SPANISH ARMADA – * The Spanish Armada was the Spanish fleet that sailed against England under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia in 1588, with the intention of overthrowing Elizabeth I of England and putting an end to her involvement in the Spanish Netherlands and in privateering in the Atlantic and Pacific. * The Armada was sent as part of the Anglo-Spanish