A Rendition of Othello Through Cixous and Irigaray

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A Rendition of Othello through Cixous and Irigaray It is needless to say that the status of women in literature has been subject to much discussion over the centuries. Women’s body, sexuality, position in patriarchal society have been the point of dialogue in numerous works of literature and amongst that, perhaps Shakespeare’s works have been one of the most significant. Shakespeare’s portrayal of women in his works has been assorted in every sense. He has depicted strong characters such as Macbeth, Cleopatra and Viola while at the same time, women of feeble nature such as Ophelia and Hero who wane under the oppression of the patriarchal expectations in their settings. Shakespeare presents three female characters in Othello –Desdemona, Emilia, and Bianca each of which represents the diverse view on women. While Desdemona is a pinnacle of beauty and innocence, Emilia presents a feministic voice in the play and Bianca is a personification of the female sexuality. This paper attempts to put these female characters, in context of the theories of rhetoric, gender and feminism of the philosophers Helene Cixous’ “The Laugh of The Medusa” and Luce Irigaray’s “The Power of Discourse and the Subordination of the Feminine”. In the twentieth centurys, both Irigary and Cixous present compelling ideas on the condition of women in terms of discourse. While the two philosophers published their work in the 1970s, one would assume that they are not completely applicable in modern or in Shakespearean times. However it is much to the contrary. The society in the setting on Othello is one which is strongly dominated by military and political men. Having these men of strong temperament as the central characters of the play who remain devoted to their reputation; women are seen to be second class citizens of feeble nature who exist to serve the men. Time and again the women are
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