Sigmund Freud was the first to challenge the view that mental disorders were caused by physical illness and proposed that psychological factors were responsible for the illness. The psychodynamic approach highlights the importance of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences. Psychodynamic psychologist’s attempt to deal with the mental health issues of their patients by incorporating these ideas and creating therapies using these ideas. The basic concept behind psychoanalysis is that a patient that suffers from mental health problems such as depression can address any regressed feelings thus, the patient gains insight of and can learn to work through their emotional baggage. It is a generalised concept that if the cause of the symptoms were tackled it would only be logical that the symptoms would then cease.
None the less, it did make patients feel like the hallucinations were less of a threat to them, and so as CBT made the patients better equipped, it could be considered effective. However, the treatment it is not just a one-way system to the patient, it involves a practioner, and so for the true extent of effectiveness and appropriateness of CBT to be assessed, one must also consider them. Rathod et al (2005) found that white therapists were less successful with afro-Caribbean patients than they were with white ones, showing how crucial empathy between the patient and practioner is when determining the effectiveness of CBT. Although the evidence of the psychological treatments of schizophrenia are not at first entirely convincing, the treatment guidelines recommend that when combined with antipsychotic medication, the patient can get healthier and take a more active role, showing that it is very beneficial. Therefore in conclusion, psychological treatments could be considered effective and
There is no single cure for this type of depression but medication is most effective with the treatment of this depression. Cognitive psychology explores internal mental processes. It is the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems. Important figures include Ulric Neisser & George Miller. Supportive counseling helps ease the pain of depression, and addresses the feelings of hopelessness that accompany
Volkow gave Ritalin to a group of participants he found that some of the participents enjoyed the experience while others didn’t. He conducted brain scans and found that those who enjoyed the feeling brought on by Ritalin had fewer dopamine receptor. there is research that contradicts the genetic explanation of addiction. Comings found the DRD2 gene present in individual with autism. This is a weakness as it contradict the idea of the DRD2 gene being a reward gene as individuals with autism aren’t seen to be pleasure seeking.
Jean Piaget focused his research on studying children and observing their thought processes. With the use of observations, dialogues and small-scale experiments, Piaget argued that to achieve reason and logic children experienced stages of ‘intellectual development’ (Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003, p.514). According to Passer, M., Smith, R., Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., & Vliek, M. (2009) the four stages of cognitive growth that Piaget founded were the sensorimotor stage (from birth to two years of age), the pre-operational stage (ages 2 to 7), the concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 12) and finally the formal operational stage (ages 12 onwards). In the first stage infants “understand the world through sensory and motor experiences” and learn of object permanence. Object permanence is
On the other hand, onset of dementia did not seem to be associated with an increase in depression. In fact, the opposite appeared to be true. They found that people who are developing dementia are less depressed because the fact of it, they became less depressed in total. When people lose they thinking and memory abilities it’s harder for them to be depressed and stay like this. It’s usually depressing people around like family and friends.
Are the findings consistent with those from previous studies? There are no RCT’s only the open studies and the comparison groups from those studies were lacking. Lack of comparison conditions in these trials limits the conclusions that can be made about the efficacy of DBT for these disorders, their improvements may be due to factors unrelated to
These laws proved to be highly unsuccessful and caused resentment towards Augustus, forcing him to revise them in AD 9 through the Lex Papia Poppaea. This amendment reduced penalties against unmarried and childless people, whilst increasing rewards for those married with children. Overall, Augustus’ social reforms were definitely not as successful as his political ones due to the unpopularity and resentment they created. Conclusively, it is evident that Augustus introduced many new political and social reforms and managed to create a whole new system of government through the Principate. Augustus was clearly more successful with his political reforms
The origins of violence: Is psychopathy an adaptation? The Human Nature Review, 1, 28-36. Seligman, L. & Reichenberg, L. (2007). Selecting effective treatments: A comprehensive, systematic guide to treating mental disorders. (3rd ed.).
Therapy is used to treat a patient with his or her symptoms (hand gestures, social awkwardness, fidgeting) sometimes these sessions help to lessen these symptoms. Diets are sometimes recommended because some children tend to respond to gluten- free foods. Have Control and Prevention strategies been effective? Prevention strategies have not been effective, they have so called found a vaccine for autism but proved to be ineffective. The controls have been effective to control some of the symptoms of the disease.