On the other hand, the growth in population compared with national output shows less production per head, and therefore less efficient production. His policies did little for agriculture considering 80% of the population were rural peasants. It is thought he focused too much on heavy industry, neglecting others like light engineering. Finally, Russia became overly dependent on foreign loans (never good if a financial crisis were to occur and foreign loans have to be repaid). Tariffs making goods scarce and heavy taxation meant prices for Russian consumers increased, whilst their wages stayed low.
Alexander decided that to improve morale within the armed forces, service in the army could no longer be given as a punishment in a court of law, the term of service was reduced by ten years and punishments within the army were made much less severe. The difficulties were also due to Russia’s small industrial force and poor travel routes, while it had the biggest army in the world, badly made roads and antiquated weaponry kept the military from reaching its full potential. The first and only of Alexander’s industrial reforms to be implemented during his reign as Tsar was the building of the first Russian railway. Alexander had many other industrial reforms planned, but due to his assassination, these were put in place during the reign of his son Alexander III. Alexander also realised that in order for the country to move forward industrially, it had to move away from its dependence on serfdom and its archaic social system.
Above all the Marshall plan was created as an initiative to provide massive loans for post war reconstruction and both the unemployment benefit and the massive rebuilding programme helped relieve idleness. In tackling squalor the outcome was fairly successful given the problems during that period; there was a poor state of economy; 30% devaluation of the pound and the worst winter of the 20th
The nation was quite poor from the Revolution and had loans from the French that it was unable to pay back. This was because the Confederation did not have the power to tax, the states were supposed to donate money to the government and as a result, when other states realized that some were not donating money, they refused to as well. Despite the lack of taxing for the nation, the states placed taxes on goods being traded in or through their territory from other states. However, trade was complicated by the fact that there was no national currency. A Virginia dollar could be worth more than a South Carolina dollar, or worth less than a New England gold coin.
(DOC E) By doing so, this allowed ratification and successful land policies for frontiers. Even though the article was able to set up a national government that the states could agree upon, the powers given to it were inadequate. The Articles of Confederation had problems settling and fixing their poor economic situation. The nation was put under heavy debt from the Revolution and taxation of imports and exports. Since the government could not set up a national currency, and states were allowed to make their own, this caused trade between states to be very difficult.
However, Britain was running out of workers, a problem which increased with the introduction of Conscription. Before 1914, Britain didn’t conscript men to serve in the armed forces bit relied on the incredibly successful ‘voluntarism’ campaign led by Lord Kitchener, the victor of the Boer war. His propaganda poster “Your country needs you” led to the raising of the largest volunteer army in history - “10,000 men
WW1 ends – The ending of WW1 meant that the European countries were able to meet their own demands and therefore did not need any more supplies from America. Farmers suffered from overproduction and could not afford to keep their homes or pay mortgages, some farmers even decided to become sharecroppers. In 1924, 600,000 farmers went bankrupt. Also, there was stiff competition from Canadian, Australian and Argentinean farmers who were selling vast amounts of grain to the world market. Over-production – Fewer products such as cars, consumer good etc were not being sold as factories were making more goods than Americans needed or could afford to buy.
At first glance I was appalled at this, thinking of the hundreds of thousands of Americans that would be put out of work. But he later goes on to explain that within the next ten years or so somewhere around forty-two percent of these bureaucrats will retire. But even so, Giuliani wants to replace only half of those jobs creating a more streamlined and smarter government. Where I feel the greatest economic impact will be felt in this plan is the privatization of the excess jobs. Although; the cut in governmental jobs would give taxpayers a relief thus cutting governmental non-defense spending, the jobs and business investment created by the privatization will be a much larger gain for our
The other benefit our government received had to do with the changes caused in the economy when the 9/11 terrorist attacks happened. What happened that day, cost the U.S. $20 billion dollars and caused the global market to fall over $100 billion dollars. This made it easier for our government to trade certain goods with other certain countries. This is also a good excuse to raise taxes and the prices of oil and anything else people need so the government is spending money but maybe not as much as they were receiving. The terrorist attacks also caused the major debt the U.S. was in
Johnson doubled the amount of money being poured into the office of Economic Opportunity to improve the vile conditions in the Appalachian Mountain range. Also passed were Medicare laws which provided health insurance for both the elderly and the poor. While his policies “to give almost half a million underprivileged Americans…” assistance were beneficial, much of the assistance was taken from the program to help fuel the Vietnam War (Doc. B), (Doc. E).