The goals of the United States were to rebuild a war-devastated region, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, and make Europe prosperous again. The act was named after Secretary George Marshall. The Marshall Aid was so important because it was used to restrict the Soviet “sphere of influence” from expanding as European countries preferred the idea of being rich instead of having to share their wealth with others. Many countries that were unofficially owned by Stalin were more interested in joining the USA with the Marshall Aid, but Stalin managed to “persuade” them to protest against Truman’s methods. Despite this, the Marshall Aid was a success and it bolstered the armies of Europe significantly, which put Stalin in a more vulnerable position.
How accurate is it to say that the growth of reformist groups in the years from 1881 was the main cause of the 1905 Revolution? The 1905 Revolution was the start of political change in Russia, unlike other major European powers of the time, Russia was being ruled by an autocratic government and any effective reforms would have had to been by ‘change from above’. However, the Tsar Alexander III and his son, Nicholas II were firm conservatives and this ideal route would not have happened. Resentment to the lack of change created the growth of reformist governments and caused a Revolution which catalysed the much needed change in Russia. There were many factors that created a base for the reformist groups to flourish at that time in Russia which in turn created a Revolution.
What was the impact of propaganda on the people of Britain in World War II? Introduction: Propaganda had many effects on wartime Britain, and was implemented to ensure the war effort was paramount in everyone’s lives, as well as to ensure the safety of every allied individual involved in the war. This involved tactics such as the boosting of morale, propaganda to ensure evacuation went ahead smoothly, blackouts, conscription and censorship. Morale was a key feature in the success of the war and the war effort, and the government used propaganda to keep this ideal alive, to ensure the greatest output from the people was being produced to help the war effort.” “What the government feared most was defeatism” (9) stated Angus Calder. Morale instilled calmness in people, reducing the feeling of panic within the city as this would have had an adverse effect on the war effort, such as blackouts, which would also risk lives.
However, due to the Industrial Revolution, America began to stray from the vision the founding fathers had for the nation in the late 1700’s and 1800’s. Though social mobility was promised to immigrants and common Americans, these same people were often exploited and left in poverty. Founding fathers, such as Thomas Jefferson, valued farming above all else, but as industrialism took hold of America, farming became much necessary, and farmers more scarce. Finally, though America’s politicians promised to hear what the common people had to say, during and after the Industrial Revolution it seemed that only the very wealthy could make any sort of impact, and there was nothing to stop them from crushing the working class underfoot. The United States of America was built on the ideal that every man should be able to make his way in the world regardless of his family or class.
There are many reasons why the government decided to evacuate. Firstly the government didn’t want people to be worried. The government realised that if children were evacuated then there would be more people working. This is because if parents didn’t have to look after the kids then they would be able to work full-time in factories and farms to help the war effort. Secondly the effect the air raids would have.
In contrast the Tsar weakened the Duma and a progressive bloc was formed. This suggests that the Tsar is vulnerable to revolution whereas the Communist rule is repressive and very few ever speak out against it. Economically the Civil War had the greatest impact in shaping the Russian Government policies. This is because War Communism was introduced and later fine tuned into the New Economic Policy. War Communism was radical and involved the militarisation of Labour which was disliked by the people and made people focus purely on the needs of the war.
The War increased rather than narrowed Germany’s political and social divisions. How far do you agree with this statement? Political and social divisions were nullified by the Enabling Act known as the Burgfrieden. This unified all political parties under one banner and national unity was based upon a shared suffering. However as the war progressed and more issues became apparent, the divide between the rich and the poor and the left and the right wing became vaster.
In their eyes introducing prohibition could decrease the levels of prostitution, gambling and crime in the cities .The war provided prohibitionists with more ammunition to support their cause. They argued that as the government was calling for maximum agriculture production, so how could they justify the wasteful use of grains for beer and spirits? The prohibition lobby was also able to harness anti-German wartime hostility as the majority of brewers were of German origin, and that their trade organisation helped finance the National German-American Alliance which was a potent source for the Kaiser. Alcohol was also said to undermine military discipline and the virtue of young soldiers. Although world war one played a significant factor in giving ammunition to prohibitionists such as the patriotic feeling, and the fact that the government had begun to interfere
Laws were passed to guarantee small farmers continued ownership of their farms. This hindered the development of more efficient farming and prevented the drive to achieve self- sufficiency in food production from being successful. To satisfy the Mittlestand the Law for the Protection of the Retail Trade forbade the extension of department stores. This was, however, a very limited measure since Hitler needed the support of big business. Initially, because the German banking system had been so fundamentally weakened, the state increasingly assumed greater responsibility for the control of the capital within the economy.
The impact of Lenin and Stalin's policies on the rights of the Russian people Stalin: The First Five- Year Plans (1928-1933) Stalin believed that a strong economy needed a strong country. He felt that industrialization was the key to achieving this strength and was convinced that the peasant class needed to accept socialism. Stalin preferred the economic policies of War Communism. He felt Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) had diluted socialism, but he was nervous about losing the support of the peasants who benefited from the NEP and wanted to unite them with the working class. The launch of the first Five-Year Plan and a collectivization drive dramatically reversed the NEP model.