The Condemnation of Widows in Elizbethan England and in Hamlet

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Guadalupe Ramirez Professor Colette Morrow English 442 11 May 2105 The Condemnation of Widows in Elizabethan England and in Hamlet “He that woos a maid, must fain lie and flatter. But he that woos a widow, must down with his breeches and at her.” (Foyster) Hamlet explores a very interesting and complex topic in regard to women and marriage: the widow. The Elizabethan age was somewhat unique in regard to the woman. While it still held true that women often had little choice in their spouse, the Protestant Reformation afforded women a soul and therefore moral agency. As a result, women were allowed more freedom in the Elizabethan age than in previous eras. Still, as is often the case, progress was met with resistance. The more traditional role of the woman was still very fresh in people’s memories. As the cozy limited role of wife and mother was challenged, and women made more choices independently, those who would hold the woman in “her place” responded with virulent degradation and criticism of the widow. Should the widow be content to have been married once and remain celibate after her husband has passed? Is it possible that a woman might marry twice for love, or was remarriage primarily motivated by lust? In Hamlet, Shakespeare mirrors society’s animosity toward widows by casting Gertrude in a highly unfavorable light, and ultimately punishing her “sins” by killer her off. Certainly, the Protestant Reformation and a strong female ruler helped usher in somewhat more progressive and egalitarian thoughts about women, love, and marriage. Still, the more traditional image of a submissive and somewhat powerless lady was still valued. For this reason, the widow presented a particular challenge to the patriarchal society. Many widows acquired a large part or all of her husband’s inheritance. This afforded such a widow more financial independence.
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