Its main function is to connect the central nervous system to the limbs and organs. The PNS is made up of nerves that are cordlike bundles of nerve fiber that transmit the impulses and ganglia that are knot-like masses of nerve cells all situated outside the central nervous system. It’s not protected by the bone of the spine and skull or by the blood-brain barrier. The PNS consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. It’s broken down into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
Outline the structure of the main tissues of the body Below, I will produce an assignment on the main tissues of the body. There are four main tissues and I will be explaining them in detail below, using key words, which will show I understand the tissues and what the key words mean in this context. The four main tissues are: * Epithelial * Connective * Muscle * Nervous Epithelial Epithelia are the lining of the internal and external surfaces and cavities. This includes tubes or channels, which would be carrying secretions from the glands in our body. The epithelia can be made of several layers, which would be made of cells.
7. A distinctive feature of eukaryotes is the organization of their chromosomal DNA which is tightly packaged with proteins into a membrane-bound structure called a _______. 8. The delivery system of eukaryotic cells called the ______ complex can collect, package, modify, and transport molecules. 9.
There are generally three functions of the nervous system: sensory, integrative, and motor functions. Also there are diseases and disorders of the nervous system, some are life threaten and some aren’t. The Central Nervous System The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord located in the dorsal body cavity. The brain is protected by the skull and is surrounded by the cranium. Meninges are connective tissue membranes that surrounds the CNS and along with it the cerebrospinal fluid.
They are controlled by the medulla oblongata, which controls involuntary action all throughout the body (Oracle Think Quest, 1996). Just think what it would be like to be in charge of consciously reminding your heart to beat. This is why the heart is an involuntary muscle. Cardiac muscle tissue consists of cylindrical fibers that have cross striations (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). They have a single nucleus, which helps determine the type of muscle class it is.
They tend to enlarge following vigorous exercise, a phenomenon called muscular hypertrophy and are located around the body. Conversely, cardiac muscle is confined only to the heart, its main role being to distribute blood. Its myogenic nature means contractions are under involuntary control and cause prevention from fatigue. The natural beating rhythm is adjusted via sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons of the CNS to suit physiological conditions. The function of these muscles is closely related to their structure and any differences in structure allow these two types of muscle to be identified.
The brain also stores the information in the memory and helps with emotional and intellectual process. The brain is like a control centre to the rest of the body it also detects the changes and responds to them. The spinal cord is a long cylindrical organ that runs inside the vertebrae. In a spinal canal has a central cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid thirty one of nerves branches off the cord to provide nerve supply to the whole of the human body. The brain stem (midbrain pons and medulla oblongata) Controls involuntary reflex actions The cerebellum Maintains posture and co-ordinates movement.
Both of them make up a large part of the entire nervous system. Its functions include coordinating the activities between the various parts of the human body. Working in collaboration with the peripheral nervous system, central nervous system plays a fundamental role in controlling the behavior in various multicellular organisms. CNS Functions As we said earlier, the central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, both of which play an important role on physical as well as mental aspects of our life. The brain plays a major role in controlling the various body functions, which include movement, sensation, thinking, memory, speech, etc.
The Somatic Nervous System Organization of the Nervous System The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system, which is the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system which is made of all the other nerves that carry impulses to and from the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic system which controls voluntary muscles and carries information from the senses, and the autonomic system which controls the things you don't have to think about--such as heart rate and digestion. The autonomic system is divided into the sympathetic system which functions for arousal and fight or flight, and the parasympathetic system which is involved in calming down and conserving energy. Neuron Firing A typical neuron has dendrites, a soma, or cell body, and an axon. The neural impulse is a brief electrical charge that moves down the axon.
Brain Anatomy The brain is a highly specialized organ. It serves as the control center for functions of the body and allows us to cope with our environment. Words, actions, thoughts, and feelings are centered in the brain. It is so complex that some theorists believe we will never be able to fully understand it. We do, however, know that each part of the brain has a specific, important function, often a profoundly important function, and each part contributes to the healthy functioning of our body.