Standards Essay Grades K-12

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National, State and Other Standards Document Cynthia Ellis Liberty University National Standards for Math for Grades K, 1 and 2 Kindergarten Mathematical Processes The mathematical processes provide the framework for teaching, learning, and assessing in mathematics at all grade levels. Instructional programs should be built around these processes. The indicators for this standard, which are appropriate for kindergarten through grade two, are adapted from Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM, 2000). Classroom application should be based on the standard and its indicators; the mathematical goals for the class, and the skills, needs, and understandings of the particular students. Standard K-1: The student will have a basic understanding of the mathematical processes of problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections, and representation. Indicators: K-1.1 Apply substantive mathematical problem-solving strategies. K-1.2 General conjectures and exchange mathematical ideas. K-1.3 Explain and justify answers to simple problems. K-1.4 Analyze patterns by reasoning systematically. K-1.5 Generalize mathematical concepts. K-1.6 Use a variety of forms of mathematical communications. K-1.7 Generalize connections among mathematics, the environment, and other subjects. K-1.8 Use multiple informal representations to convey mathematical ideas. Kindergarten Numbers and Operations Standard K-2: The student will demonstrate through the mathematical processes an emerging sense of quantity and numerical relationships, sets, and place values. Indicators: K-2.1 Recall numbers, counting forward through 99 and backward from 10. K-2.2 Translate between numeral and quantity through 31. K-2.3 Compare sets of no more than 31 objects by using the terms more than, less than, and the same as. K-2.4 Represent

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