INTRODUCTION Respiration is the sequence that results in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the bodys cells. Nerve impulses stimulate the breathing process which moves air through a series of passages in and out of the lungs. Then external respiration takes places this is where an exchange of gases between the lungs and blood take place. Then internal respiration is where the gases exchange between the blood and tissue cells. Then the final step of respiration occurs, this is where the cells utilise the oxygen for what the body requires them to do, this is known as cellular respiration.
| | | Lesson 6 - The Cardio-Respiratory System DefinitionsThe cardio-respiratory system consists of the cardio vascular system (heart and blood vessels) together with respiratory system (lungs and air ways). These systems work to transport oxygen to the muscles and organs of the body and remove waste products including carbon dioxide. The HeartThe heart is a double pump. "Oxygen-poor" blood enters the heart from the vena cava to the right atrium, and flows down to the right ventricle. The first pump pumps "oxygen poor" blood to the lungs from the right ventricle of the heart via the pulmonary artery where it returns as "oxygen rich blood" via the pulmonary vein to the left atrium.
(Insert diagram 1 below) This is the exchange of gases occurring within our bodies by diffusion. It is necessary or vital to occur since we need oxygen from the air in the blood to remove the waste from our carbon dioxide. This explains why therefore a large surface area is required for the alveoli as it increases the rate at which oxygen is diffused. The large surface area of alveoli is also used and useful for energy
The human respiratory system is composed of the nasal passage, the pharynx, larynx, the trachea, bronchi and lungs. It is responsible for the process of respiration that is vital to the survival of living beings. Respiration is the process of obtaining and using oxygen, while eliminating carbon dioxide. It is the process by which human beings take in the oxygen from their environment and give out the carbon dioxide that is produced as a result of chemical reactions within the cells. The specialized system that brings about this critical process of respiration in human beings is known as the human respiratory system.
GAS EXCHANGE All living organisms respire; it’s a process where organisms obtain energy by reacting oxygen with glucose to give water, carbon dioxide and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Respiration includes several cycles that provide a platform of gas exchange. Gas exchange is a biological process where gases get diffused across a concentration gradient from high to low concentrations. Breathing is the process that moves air in and out of the lungs or oxygen through other breathing organs such as gills. I will be looking at Mammals, Insects and Fish’s respiratory systems and how gas exchange occurs in each organism.
The static components are the organs that are used in conjunction with the dynamic components which are the substances that are needed by the organs of living things to sustain live. This system comprises the organs of the heart, lungs and vascular system and depends on the diaphragm, brain, muscles, digestive and dermal systems and some skeletal infrastructure. The right ventricle of the heart pumps blood into the lungs via the pulmonary artery so that it can absorb oxygen that has
This is what is generally referred to as breathing. Internal Respiration This is the exchange of gases between the circulatory system and the tissues of the body. Cellular respiration describes the chemical processes (such as oxidisation) involved when individual molecules use oxygen, creating carbon dioxide as a waste product. The Passage of Oxygen from Nose to Lungs During external respiration or breathing, air is drawn in through the nose, where it is warmed, filtered and moistened. It then passes through the pharynx, larynx and trachea and into the thoracic cavity containing the lungs.
This is very important as this allows osmosis occurs in our bodies. Plasma is forced out of the capillaries under high hydrostatic pressure to form tissue fluid. Some of the tissue fluid is return in capillary ends and some is returned to the blood by the lymphatic system. Plasma carries glucose, ions, waste product, respiratory gases and hormones around the body. Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins.
The left and right side of the heart are separated by the posterior interventricular sulcus. The right side of your heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs. The left side of the heart does the exact opposite and receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. The Cardiovascular System works with the body’s Circulatory System and is responsible for distributing blood and nutrients throughout the body to maintain homeostasis. It then helps to pump blood around the body, to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients and to transport waste products away from the tissues.
Human Cardiac and Respiratory Explain how each of the structures in the respiratory system are adapted to help in the process of ventilation The human respiratory system is made up of a number of different organs that supply oxygen to the circulatory system for all cells the cells in our body. It also aids in removing carbon dioxide from inside our bodies. The respiratory system structure that keeps us alive starts from the nose extending in a downwards direction towards our lungs, which are divided into the upper respiratory tract that consists of the nose, nasal passages, pharynx (throat) and the larynx (voice box), trachea (wind pipe) and the lower respiratory tract that is composed of the bronchi and bronchioles (airways) and the lungs, alveoli (air sacs), ribs, diaphragm and pleural cavity. Wexner Medical Center. (2013).