Plasma carries food from the stomach to cells but carries waste from the cells to the kidneys and intestine. The body needs lots of haemoglobin because it will combine with the gases; oxygen and carbon dioxide. The red cells carry the oxygen in the arteries and capillaries to cells of the body. One function of the blood is to transport materials within plasma and hemoglobin around the body. Plasma contains hormones, nutrients and waste substances.
Produces essential proteins and clotting factors for the blood and regulates metabolism and cholesterol. Gall Bladder – Stores bile secreted by liver. Bile is used to help dissolve fats in the small intestine. Pancreas – Functions both as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. Exocrine portion secretes digestive enzymes carried to the duodenum.
During a normal clotting process, after a cut or other injury, an event called vasospasm can trigger the smooth muscles in small blood vessels to constrict. Vasospasm might reduce blood loss almost instantaneously. In another step, blood components that encounter an injured blood vessel will group together and form a platelet plug, through a chain reaction of blood clotting chemicals known as clotting factors. This process also creates a protein called fibrin, which is stronger than the platelet plug. The mesh-like structures of fibrin form the actual clot.
Cardiovascular system has three main functions: Transport of nutrients, oxygen and hormones to cells throughout our body and removal of metabolic wastes such as (carbon dioxide and nitrogenous wastes). Protections of the human body by while blood cells, antibodies and complement proteins that circulate in the blood and defend our body against foreign microbes and toxic. Clotting mechanisms are also present that protect the human body from blood loss after injuries. Regulation of body temperature, fluid pH and water content of
Secretes pancreatic juice, insulin, glucagon, duodenum, and somatostatin into the bloodstream. Regulates blood sugar and completes the breakdown of protein, carbohydrates and fats 17. Responsible for the production and maintenance of the protective mucous blanket by synthesizing and secreting glycoproteins known as mucins. 18. Stores and concentrates bile 19.
This amylase converts the remaining starch into maltose. Maltose and lactose are absorbed into the small intestine. Multiple enzymes reside in the microvilli that lines the small intestine: maltase, lactase and sucrose. They’re called brush border enzymes The brush border enzymes convert the disaccharides into monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, and galactose. The monosaccharides are them absorbed into the bloodstream.
tract? Which cells are direct participants in formation, and how do they contribute to lesions in the G.I. tract wall? c. Zach’s stomach contributes to the formation of ulcers by the acids needed to breakdown food when they are excessive. Parietal cells (secrete HCI) and gastric glands (acetylcholine) are directly related to the formation of ulcers.
1. Does the body adjust its pH by glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption or tubular secretion? Explain how it does so. Body adjust its pH by tubular secretion, because hydrogen ions generated by the dissociation分离 of the carbonic acid碳酸 are secreted by sodium-linked counter transport in exchange for Na+ in the tubular fluid and then into the bloodstream, where they help prevent changes in plasma pH. 酸离子是由于碳酸分离而生成的，碳酸是由于sodium-linked counter 跟钠交换得来的。 2.
The kidneys remove waste products like excess salts, toxins and urea (a nitrogenous based compound that is produced after deamination) from the blood and they balance water and the body fluids. The kidneys get their blood from the aorta through the renal arteries and it passes through a structure in it called nephrons which extracts waste from
The Effect of Diffusion and Osmosis on Hypertonic and Hypotonic Solutions. Introduction: In order to maintain homeostasis, a cell must be able to transport materials back and forth across the membrane due to the fact that cell membranes are selectively permeable. Selectively permeable means that some substances can pass through the membrane while others cannot, like glucose, proteins and carbohydrates. Both solutes and solvents may cross the cell membrane. Solutes meaning: the substance that is being dissolved, while solvents meaning: substance being dissolved into, much like diffusion.