Antidepressants e.g. Cipramil Antidepressants work by changing the chemical balance in the brain and that can in turn change the psychological state of the mind such as for depression. Common side effects include: blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, increased appetite, nausea, restlessness, shaking or trembling, and difficulty sleeping. Other side effects include: dry mouth, constipation, and sweating. 2. drugs like insulin (blood has to be taken from a pinprick so that glucose can be measured before the insulin can be given), warfarin to thin the blood - again blood levels must be checked regularly, dioxin to
LSD can cause uterine contractions potentially causing a miscarriage (Darlington 402). Though MDMA, more commonly known as the active ingredient in ecstasy, is also considered a psychedelic its effects are extremely different from LSD. MDMA primarily involves the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin in the brain. MDMA acts by blocking serotonin reuptake, causing more serotonin to be released, and additionally releasing dopamine (Holland 29). This flood of serotonin in the brain might be responsible for the extreme “high” users
TCAs have little effect on dopamine reuptake. An example of a TCA is Amitriptyline. “Amitriptyline elevates mood by raising the level of neurotransmitters in the brain” since it is believed that a low level of neurotransmitters can be the cause of the patient’s depression (6). There are some adverse effects associated with Amitriptyline. Some side effects include increased heart rate, blurred vision, urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation, weight gain or loss, and low blood pressure (6).
Procedure Medications may be administered orally, topically, vaginally, rectally, by inhalation and by injection. For all routes of administration, specific procedures must be followed when the medical assistant is ordered to administer a medication. Medication must be checked three times before administration. The “three befores” are these: * Before medication is removed from the medication cabinet * Before medication is poured, drawn up into syringe, or placed into a medication cup * Before medication is returned to the cabinet There are “ten rights” for administering medication. The first six rights are: * Right patient-always id patient before given out meds * Right medication-check meds three times before administering * Right dosage-check the MAR or printout with dr’s order.
Outline and evaluate biological treatments of depression. 8 + 16 marks In the 1960s MAOIs were introduced after accidentally discovering that noradrenaline (a neurotransmitter) was a contributing factor in depression. MAOIs work by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme which flushes noradrenaline out of the synapse. This means that there is more noradrenaline available in the synapse which will, hopefully, result in relieving the symptoms of depression. MAOIs were effective for some people, but they came with severe side effects and in some cases even death when taken with certain food and drink such as marmite and red wine due to a sudden and massive increase in blood pressure.
Stress is linked to: headaches; infectious illness (e.g. ‘flu); cardiovascular disease; diabetes, asthma and gastric ulcers. Stress can also have an indirect effect on the immune system as a person may use unhealthy behavioral coping strategies to reduce their stress, such as drinking and smoking. Stress is linked to: headaches; infectious illness (e.g. ‘flu); cardiovascular disease; diabetes, asthma and gastric ulcers.
MS CONTIN Tablets are NOT intended for use as a prn analgesic. The MS CONTIN 100 and 200 mg tablet strengths are high dose, controlled-release, oral morphine formulations indicated for the relief of pain in opioid-tolerant patients only. MS CONTIN is not indicated for pain in the immediate postoperative period (the first 12-24 hours following surgery) for patients not previously taking the drug, because its safety in this setting has not been established. MS CONTIN is not indicated for pain in the postoperative period if the pain is mild, or not expected to persist for an extended period of time. MS CONTIN is only indicated for postoperative use if the patient is already receiving the drug prior to surgery or if the postoperative pain is expected to be moderate to severe and persist for an extended period of time.
Psy 430 Essay 4 –Methamphetamine Due: 10/18/12 Drugs are used with the purpose of altering one’s state of consciousness or being. Often, drugs may be abused because a person is seeking a pleasurable high. Not only may people develop a psychological dependence on a drug, but they also develop a physical dependence due to altered brain structure. Drug use not only has a direct effect on the brain and body, but often may lead to a destructive lifestyle involving violence, crime, poverty, and poor health. Methamphetamines are stimulants known to have a devastating effect on its users psychologically and physically.
These inhaled drugs only work in the lungs. They do not enter the blood stream where the blood glucose levels are affected. We should also mention a few over the counter (OTC) products. Pseudoephedrine ( Sudafed) which you now have to get from the pharmacy counter, can increase blood glucose levels. Instead of this oral decongestant a diabetic might try a product that is even safe for people with high blood pressure, Coricidin HBP.
The theory behind Tourette syndrome is that the disorder is the result of excessive dopaminergic innervations of the striatum and associated limbic cortex. Current hypothesis also states that the disorder is related to abnormal basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex feedback circuit. Tics are usually treated with neuroleptics that block the D2 receptors, the same treatment as used with schizophrenia. As previously stated the drawback to these neuroleptics can include diabetes, weight gain, and fat regulation trouble [ (Pinel, 2009)