Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: List one extensive and one intensive property of marker ink.
Chromatography uses the flow of solvent or gas to cause the components of a mixture to move differently from a starting point in a specific medium. Paper chromatography uses capillary action to pull the solutes up through the paper thus separating the solutes. In this experiment the medium will be paper and there will be water used as the solvent. Chromatography is used to purify and isolate the substances that make up the mixture without changing them. The result of the purification will be a
Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, rubbing alcohol, water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: 1.
Rather, overtime the dried seaweed would soften with the water and form a mixture. 3. Define: a. Decant- gradually pour from one container to another, leaving the solid behind. b. Filtrate- a liquid that has passed through a filter c. Extract- a preparation containing an active ingredient of a substance in concentrated form d. Precipitate- the formation of a solid in the reaction of a solution e. Tincture- a medicine derived by dissolving a drug in alcohol Notebook (Photocopies included) Observations: -Iodine crystals- glittery, brown-black in color, small pieces with a length of about 4 mm and thickness of about 2 mm, brittle -Fucus seaweed- dry, dark green, strong pungent scent, stiff, easily snapped into two pieces -Tincture- brown liquid, strong alcohol scent, fairly thin and runny -Isopropyl alcohol- clear liquid, alcohol smell Observation of reagents, starting materials and changes during extraction: We broke the dried seaweed into small
White precipitate shows the presence of chloride (Cl-). Chloride anion equation: HCl(aq) + AgNO3 (aq) → HNO3 (aq) + AgCl(s). The nitrate anion test involves cooling a mixture containing 1 mL of test solution and 3mL 18M H2SO4. 2mL is poured down the inner test tube side and the presence of a brown ring shows nitrate (NO3-) to be present. The carbonate anion test mixes 1 mL of test solution and drops of 6M HCl.
Throughout this stage the top layer of shell is evacuated. This could be finished with a processor to spare time. The fourth step is to “soak the shell in olive oil when the profile has been cut,” (Staples 2) and then clean it with a cleanser and water. Polish with a delicate brush. Then sketch a picture of what the fulfilled cameo picture might look like.
Then measure the distance of each pigment starting at the bottom of the pigment origin to the bottom of the separated pigment band. In Exercise 4B: Photosynthesis/ The Light Reaction, chloroplasts are extracted from spinach leaves and incubated with DPIP in the presence of light. The spectrophotometer should be warmed up and set the wavelength to 605 nm. An incubation area should be set up, that includes a light, water flask, and test tube rack. We were provided with two beakers, one containing a solution of boiled chloroplasts and
Plant fibres are known for having great tensile strength and therefore cannot be easily broken by pulling. This, along with their flexibility, makes them very useful. They usually occur in bundles of fibres which are much stronger than the individual cells. Paper is usually made from fibres from wood however wood fibres are not easily extracted because the matrix around the cellulose fibres contains a lot of lignin. As a result, wood is soaked in very strong alkalis such as caustic soda to produce a pulp consisting of cellulose and lignified cellulose fibres in water.
Next, will be to take one equal sheet from each brand and place it over a bowl and use an eye dropper filled with water. Drops will be squeezed onto the paper towel one at a time until the water starts to leak into the container below. Each drop will be counted up to the point where the water leaks into
The leaves were used for thatching hale, where bunches were tied together with ‘awa cordage and overlapped and layered over the rafters to create a temporary waterproof ceiling. Mostly, the Hawaiians used the leaves of the hala tree to weave floor mats, sleeping mats, sails and pillow. The leaves were prepared by collecting the newly dropped, dried leaves from underneath the tree in the morning. The leaves were then cleaned off by dunking them in the ocean or river, and then soaked for a time to soften and uncurl the edges. The thorns were then stripped off of each side of the leaf using the thumbnail, a shell or bamboo knife.