Trickster Archetype: Captain Jack Sparrow By: Eric Shulman COMM 320 Professor Wroten March 12, 2012 Trickster Archetype: Captain Jack Sparrow Carl Jung used his brilliance to create functions that give rise to specific motifs called archetypes. Before explaining and interpreting how Jung sees archetypes, more so the specific archetype of the trickster, there are few things that need to be understood. Jung's archetypes are often confused with being symbolic figures, but that is not quite an accurate description. Archetypes are rather closer to being a social tendency that has its foundation in the biological construct of humanity; this tendency then goes on to influence the formation of symbolic representations. Archetypes
Structuralism was developed by a man named Edward Titchener who was a student of Wilhem Wundt. Titchener was extremely interested in learning about the structure of the consciousness. He believed in the use of experimentation for the science of psychology (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). The second school of thought, functionalism, along with structuralism was the two schools of thought which were dominant in the beginning of psychology (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). Functionalism studied the psychological processes which enable individuals to be able to adapt to their environments; each psychological process has an important role which is their main point of focus.
Sample introductions from first-year essays (psychology) Essay title: Compare and contrast, using examples, how ‘knowing’ something has a different meaning for a psychologist compared to a member of the lay public. Introduction 1: According to the Heinemann English Dictionary, ‘knowing’ something simply means ‘to understand’. However, before actually looking at the difference between knowing something as a lay person and as a psychologist, it is paramount to establish what psychology actually is. The definitions of psychology have changed over its lifetime; nonetheless, it is considered a science which looks at part of human behaviour. Introduction 2: There are many facts in life that all people will lay claim to ‘knowing’.
Part 1 Describe the similarities and differences in the way identity is conceptualised by the psychosocial theory of identity and social identity theory This essay will look into some similarities and differences within two main identity theories. The psychosocial theory introduced by German psychoanalyst Erik Erikson (1902- 1994) and developed by an American psychologist James Marciaand, also Social Identity Theory introduced by European Jew Henri Tajfel (1919- 1982). Dorothy Miell, Ann Phoenix and Kerry Thomas, (2007) explain that the way we see and describe ourselves together with how we think others see us is a definition of identity. Identity is a very complex topic within psychology and has been studied in deep for many years. Psychosocial theory recognises personal and social element of identity however Erikson seen them as interlinked and treated them separately.
Outline and evaluate four approaches in Psychology A psychology laboratory was first set up in Germany in 1879, by a medicine and philosophy professional known as Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920). Wundt was especially recognised for his research in the use of introspection and is referred to as the founding father of psychology. There are different views from psychologists these days, as to what makes each of us function. Numerous different types of approaches and perspectives exist within psychology to study this; the four main approaches looked at here are Psychodynamic, Behavioural, Humanistic and Cognitive. Sigmund Freud, creator of the Psychodynamic approach, brought about this theory in the 1890s.
Skinner's staunch behaviorism made him a dominating force in psychology and therapy techniques based on his theories are still used extensively today, including behavior modification and token economies. When people think of psychology, many tend to think of Sigmund Freud. His work supported the belief that not all mental illnesses have physiological causes and he also offered evidence that cultural differences have an impact on psychology and behavior. His work and writings contributed to our understanding of personality, clinical psychology, human development, and abnormal
My interpretation of this definition is that psychology, while unique to each person, is the culmination of all experiences which ultimately identifies a being and can at times predict or evoke certain behaviors. In the clinical sense, psychology can be a useful tool when controlling behavior, gathering data for an identified population or attempting to explain the what and why’s we encounter everyday of our lives. Psychology and Life (19th Edition) goes on to describe the evolution of modern psychology, which can trace its beginnings to ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. Plato and Aristotle had opposing views that weighed heavily on modern psychology. On one hand Plato believed in more of a nativist view, in which assumes that people are preprogrammed for certain behavior due to their lineage from the time they are born (Gerrig, R. J. and Zimbardo, P. G. 6).
According to Chen and Miao (2007) “The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report, forced-choice personality inventory that was based on the theories of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung” (Volume 4, Serial 28). The MBTI is based off four different scales that measure a person’s senses, thoughts, expression, and intuition. Through these scales people are assessed on how they react to situations relying on the specific categories or types that are constructed in the scales. Validity The validity of the Myers-Brigg instrument has been tested by several researchers. The collective response has been that it is a complete and reliable instrument that accurately assesses personality characteristics.
(p.463) Trait Personality: trait theories of personality focus on identifying, describing, and measuring individual differences in behavioral predispositions. (p.467) After reading chapter 11 in Psychology, sixth edition by Hockenbury & Hockenbury, I discovered that no single theory can sufficiently explain all of the aspects of the human personality. The Humanistic Perspective has my attention; self -concept is the set of Perceptions and beliefs that you have about yourself, including your nature, your personal qualities, and typical behavior. (p.460) this was Carol Rogers Theory (1959). Rogers (1981) further explained that cultural factors which are the major factor in our evil behaviors.
According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings" (1985). It is important to note that social psychology is not just about looking at social influences. Social perception and social interaction are also vital to understanding social behavior. Emergence of Social Psychology as a discipline in 20th century Social psychology began to assert its individuality as a discipline with a series of texts written by various authors (e.g., Baldwin, 1897; Bunge, 1903; McDougall, 1919; Orano, 1901), each exploring a variety of social psychological topics such as emotions, morals and individual character. McDougall (1919) argued strongly for the separation of social psychology from sociology and anthropology, while also arguing that social processes should be studied experimentally.