Puerto Rico, an island in the Caribbean, off the coast of the United States was discovered in 1493 by Christopher Columbus and his entourage, who claimed the small island for Spain. Unlike any other nation in the Western hemisphere that was involved in the slave trade, Puerto Rico initially began with the African freemen who came with the Spanish conquistadors. Originally populated by about sixty thousand Taino Indigenous people, benign diseases and attempted sucides soon decreased the population. As a result, African peoples were forced into slavery to help build fortifications, work the fields, and carryout slave owner’s domestic work thus entering Puerto Rico in the Transatlantic Slave Trade. However, the enslaved African peoples didn’t just contribute to the development of this new island; their traditions are what inspired the culture that Puerto Rico is built upon today.
Three of the crew members desert the ship before the ship leaves, adding to the discontentment of the officers as well as the crew members. Shortly after the Bounty sets sail for the West Indies, Fletcher Christian leads the mutiny and forces Bligh and some of Bligh’s followers off the Bounty and onto a life boat. Bligh and his followers were striped of charts and compasses; all they were given was the life boat, the oars, a pocket watch, and a quadrant. Bligh and his eighteen followers barely survived the trip in the small boat to Timor, in the Dutch East Indies. Meanwhile, Fletcher Christian and the other crew members returned to Tahiti to reunite with their women and then set sail to Pitcairn Island.
The map and an account of the expedition are in the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain 1518: Alonso Alvarez de Pineda first landed on the South West coast of Florida but were attacked by hostile natives Alonso Alvarez de Pineda sailed up the Mississippi River and named it Rio del Espiritu Santo, the River of the Holy Spirit. 1519: Alonso Alvarez de Pineda reached Texas but were continuously attacked by hostile Aztec natives 1519: Alonso Alvarez de Pineda was killed at Chila by the Aztec Indians and they burned two of the ships 1519: The remaining ship returned to Vera Cruz and reported their voyage of discovery to Francisco de Garay. The gruesome death of Alonso Alvarez de Pineda was described. He was flayed and his skin was hung in an Aztec temple as a trophy Alonso Alvarez de Pineda was the first European in Texas By exploring and mapping the Florida coast to the Mississippi River Alonso Alvarez de Pineda verified Ponce de Leon's claim that Florida was not an
The Spanish Inquisition occurred at this time as well, in which people that didn’t convert to Catholicism were tortured and killed or put into slavery. This is the world that Columbus and his men lived and worked in. Columbus was an Italian explorer and ex-slave trader that had a hard time convincing someone to finance his voyage. He finally convinced the king and queen of Spain to commission him Admiral of the Ocean Sea and to provide money, men, and ships for his voyage. In this deal he would sail under the flag of Spain and would receive a share of the profits secured from whatever lands he reached in Asia.
Rahul Patel Instructor: Raymond Maxey History 1301-057 19 February 2013 Narrative of the 1584 Voyage (Document 1) Arthur Barlowe was an English explorer and sea captain who helped to lead a reconnaissance expedition to Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina, preparing for a larger English settlement the following year. Little is known about Barlowe's life other than that by early in the 1580s he was a gentleman-soldier attached to Walter Raleigh's household in London. In 1584, Barlowe and Philip Amadas captained two ships that landed at Roanoke Island in what would become the Virginia Colony. The explorers remained in the region for two months, and upon his return Barlowe produced a report, "The first voyage made to the coastes of America," that appeared in Richard Hakluyt the Younger's Principall Navigations, Voyages and Discoveries of the English Nation, published in 1589. An entertaining narrative, Barlowe's report appears to have been based on a ship's log of the voyage, and the final text may have been reworked by others, including Thomas Hariot, Raleigh's primary assistant, and Raleigh himself.
When Cortes first moved to Cuba in 1511, he assisted Diego Velazquez, Cortes’ brother-in-law and governor of Cuba in his conquest of the island. Realizing how limited his powers in Cuba were, Cortes wanted to conquer Mexico, [persuading] Velazquez to make him commander of the expedition. It was only as Cortes was about to set sail when Velazquez cancelled Cortes’ commission, suspicious of his motives. Cortes’ determination and hunger for power resisted Velazquez’s demands and set sail despite what Velazquez had to say. In 1519, he and his men took over and established what [now is Veracruz]; dismissing the authorities of Velazquez and placed himself directly under Charles V’s orders.
Since the New World offered raw materials such as gold and silver, the Spaniards were eager to start colonizing and conquering the New World. To secured their claims to Columbus's discovery, Spain and Portugal created an agreement known as the Treaty of Tordesillas, which divided the land of the New World between the two European groups. The Spaniards invaded Mexico with the goals of the three Gs: gold, god, and glory. But conflict with their former allies would later initiate the crippling of Spain's New World empire. Event 3: Protestant Reformation - 1530s During the early 1500s, Spain and England were allies.
That was until Spanish navigators Juan Díaz de Solís and Vicente Yáñez Pinzón touched on part of the Honduran coast in 1508 and devoted most of their efforts to exploring the area. After the Spanish discovery and speedy conquest, Honduras became part of Spain's large empire in the New World. The Spanish ruled Honduras for about 3 centuries. Honduras became a state in the United Provinces of Central America in 1821 and an independent republic with the fall of the union in 1840. By 1968 the Lopez Arellano regime seemed to be in serious trouble.
As the isthmus, connecting two massive continents, Panama's flora, and fauna is incredibly diverse. History/ Background Panama has been part of the Spanish empire for over 300 years (1538-1821). Rodrigo de Bastidas first explored the Republic of Panama in 1501 from Venezuela. Different explorers have traveled through the canal such as Christopher Columbus in 1502 and Vasco Nunez de Balboa in a tortuous trek from the Atlantic to the Pacific in 1513. This trek demonstrated that the Isthmus was, indeed the path between the seas.
A small colony was established in Hispaniola (modern day Haiti and The Dominican Republic) consisting of thirty-nine of his crew, the rest returned to Spain with Columbus along with gold, spices and natives taken as slaves to be given as gifts for his royal patrons. The following year, he led a second expedition comprising of seventeen large ships and one and half thousand new colonists, arriving in the Americas a month later. By the time he got back to Hispaniola, his men there had been slaughtered by the locals and a second colony was founded. Columbus punished the local tribe, known as the Taino, severely. He enslaved many and executed many more; according to Ward Churchill, former professor of ethnic studies at the University of Colorado, by 1496, the population had been reduced from as many as eight million to around three million.