Immigration Patterns

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Because of permissions issues, some material (e.g., photographs) has been removed from this chapter, though reference to it may occur in the text. The omitted content was intentionally deleted and is not needed to meet the University's requirements for this course. 4 Immigration and the United States CHAPTER OUTLINE Patterns of Immigration Today’s Foreign-Born Population Early Immigration Restrictionist Sentiment Increases Contemporary Concerns ■LISTEN TO OUR VOICES Imagining Life Without Illegal Immigrants by Dean E. Murphy The Economic Impact of Immigration ■RESEARCH FOCUS How Well Are Immigrants Doing? The Global Economy and Immigration Refugees Conclusion Key Terms/Review Questions/Critical Thinking/Internet…show more content…
We will first look at the historical picture of immigrant numbers. Vast numbers of immigrants have come to the United States. Figure 4.1 indicates the high but fluctuating number of immigrants who have arrived during every decade from the 1820s through the 1990s. The United States received the largest number of legal immigrants during the 1990s, but in the period from 1900 through 1910, the country was much smaller, so the numerical impact was even…show more content…
To understand the effect of the national origin system on immigration, it is necessary to clarify the quota system. The quotas were deliberately weighted in favor of immigration from northern Europe. Because of the ethnic composition of the country in 1920, the quotas placed severe restrictions on immigration from the rest of Europe and from other parts of the world. Immigration from the Western Hemisphere (i.e., Canada, Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean) continued unrestricted. The quota for each nation was set at 3 percent of the number of people descended from each nationality recorded in the 1920 census. Once the statistical manipulations were completed, almost 70 percent of the quota for the Eastern Hemisphere went to just three countries: Great Britain, Ireland, and Germany. The absurdities of the system soon became obvious, but it was nevertheless continued. British immigration had fallen sharply, so most of its quota of 65,000 went unfilled. However, the openings could not be transferred, even though countries such as Italy, with a quota of only 6,000, had 200,000 people who wanted to enter. However one rationalizes the purpose behind the act, the result was obvious: Any English person, regardless of skill and whether related to anyone already here, could enter the
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