Individuals have the most negative category-based responses to the groups that they do not personally belong (outgroups) and usually have more positive views on one’s own group (ingroup). Stereotyping involves attaching to a person, one’s cognitive expectancies and associations regarding the group. They are basically beliefs about the characteristics of group members and theories about why those qualities go together. They are set ideas that go together with a category, acting to justify our affective and behavioral reactions to the category. The reason I’m discussing category-based responses, beliefs regarding characteristics of group members, and set ideas is because they all influence our tendency to stereotype.
This I feel could help a person suffering from loss and grief as they are allowed to grief for the loss they have suffered in their own personal way with just the right amount of support from the counsellor. Therefore the person grieving will be able to accept and act on their own personal and internal evaluations of the event that has taken place. Carl Rogers said that a person will go wherever they want to go, that each person is unique. Modern theorists suggest the process needs to be geared towards the individual, and not the stages of the process its self, that it is the clients own coping strategies that work best. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY Cognitive Behavioural Therapy or (C.B.T.)
The Medical History Prenatal Alice, mother of David Yoo, liked any happy and responsible expecting mother, took good care of herself since onset of pregnancy. However, to her surprise and out of her expectation, she went through a pregnancy with few complications. She was dignosed with the presence of sarcoma in her uterine. Close onservation was made for the growth of foetus as well as the tumor. The foetus was found not growing while the sarcoma kept growing in her seventh month pregnancy.
Alternative Actions and Consequences to Mercury Energy Debbie Browning Northcentral University MGT 7019-8-4 Dr. Abeer Yasin June 30, 2013 Alternative Actions and Consequences to Mercury Energy Looking at the case of Folole Muliaga (Bridgman, 2011) is a difficult one to determine who was right and who was wrong in this instance. I see blame on each side. Folole and her family moved to New Zealand in hopes of a better life for herself and her family. Due to breathing conditions caused from her weight, Folole was admitted into the hospital. Her obesity was causing her to not expel carbon dioxide and she was struggling to breathe.
People often compare themselves to others to feel more socially accepted or to set themselves apart from others. Others perceive us how we perceive ourselves. Having higher self-esteem causes others to pick up on that confidence and they themselves have confidence in you. If you are constantly worried about what you say or if you are concerned about what others think you project the idea in people head that you have low self-esteem. Others pick up on your negative energy and can use this against you.
Acceptance of feeling, both positive and negative: Accepting of others feelings can lead to understanding. Someone can accept someone’s expression by audio, visual or intuition. The nurse also needs to be supportive of these feelings. 6. Problem-solving for decision making: This method permits control and self-correction.
Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue In this essay we will look at Freud’s theory of psychosexual development in some detail, including an evaluation of the theory’s origin, criticism and strengths. We will be looking at its application, both through history and in current practice, leading to a more thorough discussion centred around its relavance when trying to understand clients’ presenting issues. The main themes of Freud’s work were centred on the significance of the first few years of a child’s life, in the subsequent development of personality. Freud believed that children experience emotional conflicts, and their future adjustment depends on how well these conflicts are resolved. Another theme with Freud’s work concerned the unconscious mind, the part of our mind we are not aware of.
There are many different constructions and theories on personality which all have their own strengths and weaknesses and all of which try to offer an explanation to the differences in people’s behaviour. This essay will look at Hans Eysenck’s Trait Theory (1965) which is interested in measuring people’s personality through traits. According to this perspective, traits are stable over time and differ between individuals. We will also look at George Kelly’s Personal Construct Theory (1955.) He believed that people develop constructs as internal ideas of reality to help them understand the world around them and that the way the world is viewed is based on individual experiences, interpretations and observations.
The two theories that will be examined are firstly Erikson's theory of psychosocial identity (PIT) and secondly Tajfel's social identity theory (SIT). Firstly, a description of Erik Erikson's psychosocial identity theory. Erikson believed that identities are shaped with the help of the community in which children and adolescents lived. For Erikson, 'identity involved the development of a stable, consistent, and reliable sense of who we are'. This quote suggests that Erikson viewed identity at an individual level.
This was also the first “real” form of psychology (i.e. studying people’s behaviours and looking for their causes), which lead to the gradual expansion of psychology as a study itself. One the most basic assumptions of this approach is that our experiences in early childhood determine particular personality traits of ours as adults, as well as our general behavioural patterns and ways of thinking. Another assumption would be that the majority of our behaviour and personality is determined by unconscious motives. It is the product of an unconscious mind being driven by its most basic desires and emotions in coaction with our traits determined by our early childhood experiences.