Labeling and grouping other people usually only becomes a problem when we label and group someone incorrectly in a negative manner, which is what most of us associate stereotypes with. Labeling or grouping isn't always bad and it depends on the degree to which you do it. 6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds?
Is Stereotyping Inevitable? Yes Issue Social psychologists have long been interested in stereotypes and prejudice, concepts that are typically viewed as being very much interrelated according to Patricia Devine. According to the text, many classic and contemporary theorists have suggested that prejudice is an inevitable consequence of ordinary categorization processes. This approach suggests that stereotypes are automatically applied to members of the stereotyped group. According to Ehrlich; ethnic attitudes and stereotypes are part of the social heritage of a society and no one can escape learning the prevailing attitudes and stereotypes assigned to the major ethnic groups.
We see the group to which we belong (the in-group) as being different from the others (the out-group), and members of the same group as being more similar than they are. Social categorization is one explanation for prejudice attitudes which leads to in-groups and
Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture. [1][page needed] Ethnocentric individuals judge other groups relative to their own ethnic group or culture, especially with concern for language, behavior, customs, and religion. These ethnic distinctions and subdivisions serve to define each ethnicity's unique cultural identity. [2] Ethnocentrism may be overt or subtle, and while it is considered a natural proclivity of human psychology, it has developed a generally negative connotation. [3] Origins of the concept and its studyEdit The term ethnocentrism was created by William G. Sumner, upon observing the tendency for people to differentiate between the in-group and others.
When it comes to prejudice many situations are caused by stereotypes. Stereotype is when someone makes an assumption about a group because of their own thoughts on the group. Stereotypes either are positive or negative for example; “Women are warm-hearted” or “All teenagers are bad influences on society”. Stereotypes can lead to false beliefs and views; this can result in both decimation and prejudice. Society categorises individuals into groups based on age, sex and race, this relates to individuals mind set.
Stereotyping no doubt serves a purpose at times, however, it is up to the individual to get to know either the other individual or members of that group to determine if their perceptions are correct. Most stereotypes probably tend to convey a negative and positive impression (Clark, R., Anderson, N.B., Clark, V.R., and Williams, D.R, 1999). Positive stereotypes are good qualities that are assigned to groups of people based on various characteristics, including their race, nationality and sexual orientation among others. The negative stereotypes are present regarding a specific group, group members are likely to become anxious about their performance, which may hinder their ability to perform at their maximum level, behavior, judgment. The differences
Racism and prejudice are interchangeable terms; the former is defined as one’s feeling of cultural and racial advantage over other cultures and races. In other words, one becomes a racist if he or she displays actions or live by ideologies out of the feeling of superiority. Whilst most people claim to be not racist, everyone is guilty of having been committed some forms of prejudice in one way or another. Helms has classified five statuses of racial identity construction model: conformity, dissonance, immersion-emersion, internalization, and integrative awareness (62). Conformity takes place when one sees his or her own race as inferior and learns to identify with the dominant and superior race, such as the White Americans.
Running head: Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination 1 At some point in our lives we all have had the pleasure of experiencing prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. As stated in our text book, "Stereotypes are beliefs about the characteristics of a particular group or members of those groups. Prejudice describes our emotional experience. And discrimination is a negative behavior towards an individual or a group based on your beliefs and feelings about that group (Feenstra 2013)." Feenstra (2013) also states in our textbook: "That ingroups are groups that you might be a part of, and out groups are groups that you may not identify with."
Whether it’s a simple catch phrase like “She had a dumb blonde moment” or an oversimplification about immigrants from a third world country, stereotypes are commonly used throughout society. A stereotype is a “shared idea about the generalized attributes of others with respect to perceived physical or cultural characteristics” (1). Once a group is stereotyped by contradictory evidence, the group themselves tend to use their label for various purposes. In Stereotypes: Conceptual and Normative Considerations, author Judith Andre states that stereotypes function as becoming a part of one’s conceptual scheme or lifestyle, protects an individual’s self esteem, and are simple generalizations (Andre 94). These functions of stereotypes can be seen in teen comedy films such as Legally Blonde (2001) and Bring It On (2000), where the stereotypical beautiful, popular girl becomes completely taken over by the label her peers have given her.
Introduction Recent work by Sherif Sherif cited in Miller and McGlashan Nicols (1953) has shown that with the regard to group norms theory (GNT) it can be explained “how individuals acquire belief systems and ideologies that support the prescription of prejudice” (Miller et el., 2008). This theory argues the differences of behaviour of people who is in-group and out-group. Being a member of an in-group gives rise to discrimination of people in out-group. The current research is the clear example of discrimination of people with body art(out-group), especially in employment. Moreover, as Ligos cited in Miller et el (2001) claimed that the discrimination associated with tattoos in the workplace also occur among those who also have body art.