Where increasing the surface area would increase the rate of diffusion. This means the larger the surface area the more substance will diffuse across the pathway in a given time. Surface area also affects heat loss in all organisms. Smaller animals have higher surface area to volume ratios meaning it is easier for them to exchange oxygen and nutrients which the animal needs, they also excrete there waste products such as carbon dioxide and urea. Most animals need to stay at roughly the same temperature so heat is also exchanged.
Hydrogen peroxide is also a dangerous, very potent by-product of metabolism, so it is essential that it is broken down quickly, otherwise it would cause damage to cells. Hypothesis I believe that as the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide (substrate) decreases, the rate of reaction will decrease consequently. This is because there will be fewer collisions between the substrate and enzyme molecules (catalase in yeast) – because there are fewer molecules of hydrogen peroxide, so there will be a decrease in enzyme-substrate complexes formed. The reaction will then stop because all of the active sites become saturated with substrate because the enzyme is the limiting factor. This will result in a decreased volume of oxygen being produced as one of the by-products of this reaction.
One of these mechanisms includes- vasoconstriction. When we are too cold, blood vessels supplying blood to the skin constrict. This diverts blood from the skin down to deeper tissues reducing heat loss from the surface of the skin, increasing our body temperature. This is why some people's skin looks paler when they feel too cold. When the body temperature is back to normal, the hypothalamus shuts off warming
Just like the characteristic of a rock, climate also plays a role in the rate in which a rock will break down. With that being said, rocks that are exposed to a wet/ moist climate are more susceptible to chemical weathering. Thus, the rocks in this type of climate will decompose at an accelerated rate. On the other hand, dry climates are more vulnerable to mechanical weathering, which has a slower weathering rate. All in all, areas with warm temperatures will have faster chemical reactions, so, weathering in the tropics is rapid.
2. Describe the different forms of radioactive decay. The different forms of radioactive decay consist of alpha, beta, and gamma decay. Alpha decay occurs when the nucleus has too many protons in it that need to be decreased. Beta decay occurs when the neutron to proton ratio is too great in the nucleus and causes instability.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable so that a cell would lose water when placed in a higher solute concentrated environment and gain water when placed in a lower solute concentrated environment because of osmosis. Osmosis does not occur when there is no concentration gradient, meaning that the solute concentration of inside and outside of the cell is the same. The solution is called isotonic when the concentration of the solution is the same as the concentration inside the cell. Hypothesis * As the sucrose concentration of the solution decreases, the percentage change in mass solanum turberosum discs will increase because the greater concentration gradient results in more rapid and intense osmosis. In the solution of isotonic sucrose concentration, solanum turberosum discs will not gain or lose any mass since osmosis would not occur.
Nitroglycerin breaks down after being pressurized or exposed to heat. The balanced equation for when nitroglycerin combusts is 2C3H5(NO3)3 <--> 6CO2 + 5H2O + 3N2 + O2. Sometimes, dynamite can be closely related to TNT, although they aren’t much alike at all. Nitroglycerin should only be worked on when the substance is a liquid. If it is not, the frozen or semi-frozen state of the product is quite dangerous to handle.
1 mark AND Enzymes function best at their optimum pH, which in this case has been found to be (whatever their results indicate). When enzymes are acting at their optimum level the maximum amount of oxygen gas will be produced. 1 mark AND Enzymes begin to be denatured when the pH of the surrounding environment moves away from the optimum pH. The rate and extent of denaturation increases as the pH value moves away from the optimum pH. 1 mark AND Extreme pH denatures the enzyme, altering the shape of the active site and preventing the enzyme and substrate forming a complex, thereby decreasing the rate of the reactions.
A plant whose cells are in a hypertonic solution will appear droopy because there is a loss of turgor pressure in each cell. When the concentration of water is the same in the cell and the solute the cell is said to be isotonic and is at equilibrium. There is no net movement of water across the membrane. (Biology Department, 2010). Surface area to volume ratio has a direct effect on the amount of water (as well as nutrients and waste) that can diffuse through the plasma membrane.
This means that it is expensive and can only be commenced with specialist supervision. The aim with biofeedback is to reduce symptoms associated with stress, such as reducing heart rate or muscle tension. This can be a disadvantage as it does not treat the source of stress. However, it does provide the patient with longer lasting means of dealing with stress symptoms by applying relaxation