Formalism and Cultural History

1097 Words5 Pages
Art history is the academic discipline and study of art and the using of intellect to develop and define the Visual Arts. To study the academic discipine of art it requires methods. The methods I will be discussing is the Cultural history and Formalism. The Cultural history was created by Johann Joachim Winckelmann by organising of knowledge and introducing the perspective of historical sense. Winckelmann uses the context of the place, use of art, habits of thoughts and the relevent period. The context is of the art culture as a whole. His methods were Connoisseurship and the study of documentary evidence. The Formalism was created Heinrich Wolfflin and achieves this by using the study of art by analysing and comparing form and style. He emphasized elements such as line, colour, shape and texture. The Western painting what I chose to analyse is by Paul Cezanne called Lac d' Annecy completed in 1896. Paul Cezanne (1839-1906) was a 19 th century French artist and Post-Impressionist painter. The method I am going to follow is Formalism. It gives us the opportunity to see a painting in a subjective way and by this one can analyse the painting well rather then the Cultural history which is more ancient and less phycological. Reference? Heinrich Wolfflin (1864-1945) is a swiss historian who wanted to make art history subjective. Wolfflin achieved this by using the study of art by analysing and comparing form and style. Wolfflin used a comparative method with a set of five pairs of opposite styles and concepts. These five pairs are linear versus painterly, the form of closed versus open, mutiple versus unity, clarity versus absolute and plane versus recession. The first pair is linear versus painterly. Linear is the elements of line that are solid and which makes the figures and edges clear. Painterly is when the edges blur and forms and colours cross. The second pair is
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