Case Study Progress. The room air ABG results are reviewed. According to the results M.M. is in respiratory acidosis. Because of M.M.’s increased Kussmaul respirations he is unable to fully express carbon dioxide from his lungs causing the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood to increase and the pH to decrease causing acidosis.
Invades nasopharynx where it replicates & spreads down to lower airway via aspiration of upper airway secretions. Causes necrosis of respiratory epithelium of small airways, peribronchiolar mononuclear infiltration & plugging of the lumens with mucus and exudate. The small airways become variably obstructed; this allows adequate inspiratory volume but prevents full expiration. This leads to hyperinflation & atelectasis. Serious alterations in gas exchange occur with arterial hypoxemia & CO2 retention resulting from mismatching of pulmonary ventilation (gas exchange w/in lungs) and perfusion.
5. Certain respiratory disorders, such as emphysema, reduce the capacity of the lungs to recoil elastically. Which respiratory volumes will this condition affect? Explain the impact on gas exchange. Emphysema affects the maximal volume of air that can be exhaled.
Extra glucose cannot be used because of insulin deficiency and and blood glucose level rises, which contributes to further, adding to the osmotic diuresis. 4. What acid-based disturbances commonly occur and why? Arterial blood pH less than 7.30, serum bicarbonate level less than 15 mEq/L (15 mmol/L), and moderate-large ketones in the urine or blood ketones. 5.
Phosphate: Increase due to reduced excretion in urine. Blood Urea Nitrogen: Increase indicates inability to excrete urea; suggest renal dysfunction. Creatinine: Increase indicates inability to excrete Creatinine; suggests renal dysfunction. Albumin: Decrease indicates loss of protein into urine. pH: Decrease indicates acidosis Urinalysis: Protein: Significant increase due to loss in urine: suggest renal dysfunction.
Nicks light headedness is caused by a condition known as orthostatic hypotension, a rapid drop in blood pressure upon standing up. Based on what you know so far, how does the ANS control blood pressure? k. The SNS causes an increase in blood pressure whereas the parasympathetic nervous system decreases blood pressure 9. After becoming comatose, nick sweating
If this fails, a pancrelipase and sodium bicarbonate solution may be instilled in order to "digest" the clog. Metabolic complications: Metabolic complications of enteral nutrition are similar to those that occur during PN, although the incidence and severity may be less. Careful monitoring can minimize or prevent metabolic complications. Refeeding syndrome: Refeeding of severely malnourished patients may result in "refeeding syndrome" in which there are acute decreases in circulating levels of potassium, magnesium, and phosphate. The sequel of refeeding syndrome adversely affect nearly every organ system and include cardiac dysrhythmias, heart failure, acute respiratory failure, coma, paralysis, nephropathy, and liver dysfunction.
{. Chloride: may be an indication that the patient is not getting adequate absorption required. SBO’s may cause severe fluctuations in F&E balances. |. Carbon Dioxide: May be an indication that the SBO is affecting the diaphragm and CO2 exchange within the lungs.
Unit 222-668 Stroke awareness (SCM 201) Outcome 1 Know what a stroke is 1. Identify the changes in the brain associated with stroke A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is suddenly interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding brain cells. 2. Outline other conditions that may be mistaken for stroke Hypoglycaemia, a condition of low blood sugar, occurs when the level of sugar--also called glucose--in the blood drops below normal, The symptoms of hypoglycaemia often mimic those of a stroke. Those experiencing hypoglycaemia may exhibit aphasia--the inability to use or understand words.
What is Hypertension? It is most commonly known as high blood pressure. The body system that is involved is the cardiovascular system. The organ that is involved is the heart. The causes for homeostatic imbalance in hypertension are medication, weight, smoking, heredity, drinking, external stressors, age, disease, and race.