Bolus is simply food in its chewed state. The bolus is then swallowed and enters the stomach. In the stomach, food or bolus is further digested with the stomach acids and is broken down even further to prepare to enter the intestinal tract. The stomach contracts and relaxes to push digested food into the small intestine. Once inside the small intestine, enzymes are released that allow the usable parts of the food to be absorbed into the body for energy.
The liver, gallbladder and the pancreas begin to bestow to the digestive process once the chyme reaches the small intestine. A large part of the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food takes place once the chyme or food enters the small intestine. Secretion of bile from both the liver and the gallbladder acids with the digestion and absorption of fat. At the same time, digestive enzymes and bicarbonate secretions from the pancreas helps in the digestive process. The left-over materials not absorbed in the little intestine the moves into the large intestine by the sphincter.
2.2 What happens in the cephalic stage? Firstly, food is taken into the mouth and then broken down into smaller pieces by ‘mechanical digestion’ (or the using the teeth to break down food). Saliva in the mouth is produced due to the neural reponses which come about from the stimulus of the eyes, head, smell etc. An enzyme in the saliva called amylase begins the chemical digestion by breaking down ‘complex carbohydrates into simple sugars’. When the food is ready to be swallowed, the food is now called a soft mass called a ‘bolus’.
Human Digestion The digestive process begins as soon as food enters the mouth. Saliva begins to immediately break down sugars and starches, while the teeth grind down the food. Food then enters the esophagus and is swallowed, where it then enters the stomach for further breakdown by way of stomach acids. Very little of the food is actually digested in the stomach. Instead, the acids work to break down the food for easier digestion in the intestines.
The small intestine is the principal site of digestion and absorption. Enzymes from the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and the small intestine itself combine to break down nutrients so that they can be absorbed. The pancreas supplies enzymes to digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The live produces bile required for emulsification of fat, and the gallbladder stores the bile until it is needed. The absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is facilitated by tiny projections called villi, which provide more surface area for absorption.
It coats the chewed food and transforms it into what is called a bolus. An enzyme called amylase found in the saliva breaks down the carbohydrates in the bolus into simpler sugars. By breaking down the food, the bolus becomes mushy, slippery and easy to swallow. The tongue also plays a big role in helping digest food in the mouth. It helps taste, transport and swallow food.
Mouth-The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract; and, in fact, digestion starts here when taking the first bite of food. Chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily digested, while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down into a form your body can absorb and use. Oesophagus-Located in your throat near your trachea (windpipe), the oesophagus receives food from your mouth when you swallow. By means of a series of muscular contractions called peristalsis, the oesophagus delivers food to your stomach. Stomach-The stomach is a hollow organ, or "container," that holds food while it is being mixed with enzymes that continue the process of breaking down food into a usable form.
After this the food is taken down a long tube, called the oesophagus, which takes the food from the mouth to the stomach. The movement of the food is helped by waves of contraction of the muscle surrounding the oesophagus, this is called peristalsis. Once the food enters the stomach a ring of muscle at the exit called the pyloric sphincter contracts and prevents the food from leaving. For the next two to three hours churning movements of the stomach produce further physical breakdown of food. The only chemical digestion that takes place in the stomach is the breakdown of proteins, which is from the meat in the
The mouth receives food and begins digestion by mechanically reducing the size of the solid particles and mixing them with saliva. Pharynx – The pharynx is in both the respiratory system and digestive system. The pharynx is a muscular tube, at the back of your throat when the nose and mouth join. This serves as a passageway for food and air. The tube being so muscular helps an individual with swallowing.
The stomach is not only our digestive system it absorbs food but, rather is a part of the digestive system and important for churning food into a consistency that is easier to digest for the rest of our intestines( Stomach and role in digestion). The Mucous cell, parietal cell, chief cell, and G cell all make up the four main cell types that spread all over the inner structure of the stomach (Stomach and role in digestion). The mucous cell produce mucus from preventing the epithelium from hydrochloric acid. Which is found in the fundic, cardiac, and pyloric region (Stomach and its role in digestion). (Ireland, 2012) Stated “Hydrochloric acid is one of the strongest acids used in laboratories and can be found in our stomach, as PH2.