Amylase breaks down amylase and amylopectin (which are starches found commonly in foods such as pasta) and converts some of the starch maltose (a disaccharide.) It’s good to chew food so that the saliva can mix with the food and begin the digestive process. Amylase continues to break down starches until the food reaches the stomach where stomach acid neutralizes amylase. After food passes through the stomach and entering the small intestine, the pancreas is signaled to make pancreatic amylase. This amylase converts the remaining starch into maltose.
The oesophagus is a tube of muscles that contract to push the bolus down towards the stomach and this action is called peristalsis. When the food has reaches the stomach the strong walls of the stomach roll and churn the ham sandwich and add of secretions from the gastric gland. The ham sandwich now resembles a paste-like material and is called chime. The secretions of the gastric gland contain gastric protease and hydrochloric acid that further breakdown the food molecules. The small intestine is made up of three sections that help to break down food using enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver.
P2: Describe the characteristics of nutrients and their benefit to the body. Answer: Characteristics of nutrients and their benefit to the body are carbohydrates, starch and non-starch polysaccharides, sugar substitutes and sugar. Carbohydrates are one of the main types of food. Sugar and starch are main types of carbohydrates these carbohydrates provide energy for the body. Liver breaks down carbohydrates into glucose which the body uses for sugar.
Fluids are balanced in blood and tissue. Food sources; bananas, sweet potato, avocado, and prune, tomato, orange juice. Milk, yogurt, dry beans, fish, beef, pork, and nuts. • Zinc; is need for development and growth. It helps keep the immune system, is important in healing wounds and helps with other nutrients in the body.
A2: 1. Mouth: The mouth starts mechanical digestion with the chewing that takes places there but also mixes amylase that is secreted from the salivary glands in with what is being chewed to start chemical digestion. (2) 2. Esophagus: The esophagus transfers food from the mouth to the stomach. (2) 3.
| Where do you find them? | Carbohydrates | They give you energy. | You find them in sugary and starchy foods like potatoes, rice, cereals, pasta, bread and some fruit and vegetables. | Proteins | They help your body grow and repair itself. | You find them in meats, poultry, fish, dairy products, eggs and beans.
The Digestive System The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract—a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus—and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food. The process of digestion usually takes from 12 to 24 hours, from ingestion to elimination. Organs that make up the digestive tract are the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine—also called the colon—rectum, and anus. Inside these hollow organs is a lining called the mucosa. In the mouth, stomach, and small intestine, the mucosa contains tiny glands that produce juices to help digest food.
This process converts the food into bolus. The bolus then enters the pharynx where it becomes swallowed. As the bolus passes the epiglottis (a valve-like flap that blocks the bolus from entering the lungs) it then makes it way down through the esophagus (a tube that attaches the pharynx to the stomach) and into the stomach. The minute the bolus enters the stomach it churns with acid secretions and forms into a chyme. Depending on how much food is consumed, the chyme will partially digest in the stomach and will empty out in approximately two to six hours.
Example; dark leafy greens, avocado, bread, pasta and breakfast cereal, Milk, cheese, yogurt, soybeans, firm tofu, liver, meat, poultry, fish and seafood. Water is an important nutrient that is needed in the body (75%) seventy five percent of the body’s weight is due to water, which is essential to the many function it perform in the body, water regulate the body temperature, lubricates joints, moistens tissues such as those in the mouth, eyes and nose, protects the body organs and tissues; help dissolve minerals and other nutrients to make them accessible to the body. Water help lessens the burden on the kidneys and liver by flushing out waste products, it also carries nutrients and other oxygen to the cells.
Soluble Fibre when passing through the large intestine absorbs the water turning the faecal matter much softer, allowing the waste to pass through the body quickly. This type of Fibre is also known to help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. Soluble Fibre is found in: Fruits, Vegetables, Lentils, Peas, Beans, Oats, Barley, Oatmeal, Potatoes, Dried Fruit, Soya Milk and Soya Products. Insoluble Fibre is a Fibre that creates helpful bacteria that ferments making consumed substances soft and bulky, allowing the matter to pass through the body much quicker. Insoluble Fibre prevents constipation and lets a larger amount of faecal matter to be disposed from the body at once.