The saliva which is contained in the mouth which is produces by the salivary glands begins to digest the food before the food is even swallowed. Saliva and the other chemicals which are produced along the way help speed up the digestive process which is called digestive enzymes. The mouth which is also known as the oral cavity is a specialized organ which receives food and breaks it into smaller pieces. The mouth is changed mechanically when biting and chewing food. In a humans mouth there are teeth and within a human they are four types of teeth which are used for different functions such as the incisor teeth are for biting and are found are the front of the mouth.
A3: Mechanical digestion is the act of physically breaking down food into smaller pieces to aid with chemical digestion. Chewing is an example of mechanical digestion. Chemical digestion is the process where enzymes are introduced into the gut, where it mixes with the food there. The food is at that time, broken down to the molecular level allowing the body to absorb the nutrients for use throughout the body. A4: 1 – Amylase 2 – Lipase 3 – Pepsin 4 – Nucleases 5 – Lactase 6 – Trypsin A5: Research of experiments previously performed can be invaluable when one is looking to design their own experiments to perform.
When these two senses react to food the salivary glands begin their work by creating saliva. Saliva is created for mouth lubrication and to help soften the food to slide through the esophagus. When the food enters the mouth, the tongue moistens it with saliva and moves it around. Therefore, the teeth can break down the food. This process converts the food into bolus.
In the mouth, stomach, and small intestine, the mucosa contains tiny glands that produce juices to help digest food. The digestive tract also contains a layer of smooth muscle that helps break down food and move it along the tract. Two “solid” digestive organs, the liver and the pancreas, produce digestive juices that reach the intestine through small tubes called ducts. The gallbladder stores the liver's digestive juices until they are needed in the intestine. Parts of the nervous and circulatory systems also play major roles in the digestive system.
The digestive system is where food is turned into energy for the body to survive and it packages the residue for the waste disposal. When you first take a bite of the ham sandwich it is taken into the mouth, this process is called ingestion, where it is mixed with saliva then chewed or masticated by the teeth and tongue that roll it into a bolus and this motion is also known as mechanical digestion. The saliva that the sandwich is mixed with initially contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that starts the breakdown of carbohydrates so that your body can absorb them which is known as absorption. The food then passes own the oesophagus to the stomach. The oesophagus is a tube of muscles that contract to push the bolus down towards the stomach and this action is called peristalsis.
When food enters our mouth it is moistened by saliva, salivary glands begin the digestive process from the sight and smell of food. The tongue aids in digestion by moving food around the mouth so it can be chewed property to break food down. The small intestine is 20 feet and takes 3 – 5 hours to digest food, it is dived into three sections, the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. It is responsible for absorbing most of the nutrients we eat in food. The small intestine breaks down most of the protein, fat, and carbohydrates we eat.
As the teeth do their work, saliva mixes with the pieces of me, making me soft and moist. The saliva contains a chemical called salivary amylase, which starts breaking down complex carbohydrates, and another called mucin, which helps to soften the food. The amylase enzymes turn the starch molecules found in me into glucose. The glucose is used by cells to give people energy. oklahoma4h (2015) ptonthenet (2015) bbc.co.uk (2015) The tongue which is a muscle, works with me and saliva by pushing me around the mouth while you chew with your teeth.
This is where your teeth and incisors break down your food into smaller chunks so it makes it easier for the dampness of your saliva (produced by your 3 salivary glands) to make the entire piece soggy so it makes it easier to swallow. Now the large insoluble molecules have been broken down into small soluble ones. (These are the 3 locations of your salivary glands surrounding your mouth). It also breaks down some of the carbohydrates as saliva contains carbohydrase which as in the name breaks down carbohydrates. The Amylase digest the starch to glucose.
Extrinsic nerves release the chemicals acetylcholine and adrenaline. Acetylcholine increases the pressure exerted by the muscle layer of the digestive tract for optimum passage of food and fluid through the digestive tract, this chemical also encourages the production of digestive juice from the stomach and pancreas. The chemical adrenaline slows or stops digestion. Intrinsic nerves are located in the walls of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon and when stretched by food release substances to speed up or delay production of digestive juice or movement of food by the digestive organs A major component in digestion are enzymes, these are present in most of the alimentary organs, they are made of protein and speed up chemical reactions in the body while maintaining normal cell temperature. Mouth – solid and liquid food are taken into the body via the mouth; saliva is secreted by three pairs of salivary glands: Saliva contains water, mineral salts, lysozyme, immunoglobulins,
Soluble Fibre when passing through the large intestine absorbs the water turning the faecal matter much softer, allowing the waste to pass through the body quickly. This type of Fibre is also known to help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. Soluble Fibre is found in: Fruits, Vegetables, Lentils, Peas, Beans, Oats, Barley, Oatmeal, Potatoes, Dried Fruit, Soya Milk and Soya Products. Insoluble Fibre is a Fibre that creates helpful bacteria that ferments making consumed substances soft and bulky, allowing the matter to pass through the body much quicker. Insoluble Fibre prevents constipation and lets a larger amount of faecal matter to be disposed from the body at once.