As exemplified in the stimulus, an appreciation of the Australian dollar, however, can have adverse effects on volumes of imports and international competitiveness. For this, there is a possibility of some industries to struggle. It is important to be able to measure the value of the Australian dollar for many reasons, that range from being able to make an informed business decision or, propose government initiatives and stances. A useful way of measuring the value of the AUD is through using the trade weighted index. The trade weighted index is a weighted average of a basket of currencies that reflects the importance of the sum of Australia's exports and imports of goods by country.
To what extent does the culture that exists in the Australian Defence Force—as described by the author of the following article—reflect contemporary Australian society? Gender relates to social roles in a society. It is what direction men and women should take through social expectations. The social roles are bordered by norms in a society where men and women act appropriately to their gender. Masculinity and femininity differ vastly in a society due to social construction, actions of men and women, and the social norms in a society and so on.
During the 1983-1996 at the ALP, Bob Hawke and Paul Keating were leaders. They gave the Australian economy greater flexibility by focusing on economic rationalism which made the Australian dollar float, they made reductions in trade tariffs, created enterprise bargaining All consistent with a market capitalist economy. Opposition to these measures by union groups shows the extent to which the ALP had moved away from its traditional positions. 6. Key ALP
Understanding a continents labor laws such as Australia’s could be tricky at first if you’re thinking of moving to this massive island. On a particular move such as this it would be a splendid idea to understand your rights as an employee or laws that could be potentially helpful in maximizing profits. Familiarity with law and regulations within Australia could be detrimental to how long and beneficial your stay in regions of the continent could last. Having a working knowledge of compensation, holidays, benefits, child labor laws, and occupational safety could have an impact on financial success or pose costly consequences. The Australian Labor law is complicated as it has many laws to protect the worker.
Minimum wage represents a government involvement in a nation economy, although businesses are often wary about the prospect of the government making major economic decisions. In the U.S., Congress sets a federal minimum wage that businesses must follow. Individual states can also create separate minimum wage laws above the federal law. Intervention from the federal and state government can create a difficult business environment. Governments may choose to increase minimum wage on an arbitrary basis, making it difficult for companies to hire individuals at a consistent market rate.
Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat” (Marx and Engels 1848). Social class, therefore, is based upon economic criteria and conflict occurs between those who own the means of production (bourgeoisie) and the wage-labourers (proletariat). As well as having economic control over the proletariat, the bourgeoisie also have the power to determine the superstructure; the ruling class can distort perceptions of the world and hide the true nature of social relationships and the exploitation of the proletariat and, above all, promote bourgeoisie interests. Marx defines production as workers selling their labour for wages in order to exchange money for commodities that will meet their most basic needs. As Marx
Between 1945-1968 the occupational structure is different from that in 1968-2012. People don’t get ahead in their class structures so easily. This connects with the Utchille chapter on the Steady Job decrease, Zweig shows now it’s a decrease in downward mobility. All you have to do is work hard to come up (American Dream) is the myth behind upward mobility. However it doesn’t guarantee a jump in the upper social class.
One part of the book, when Marlo sees the difference between the Aborigines living compared to the white inhabitants way of living in the modern society of Australia, she describes the Aborigines discrimination on the Australians labor market. Many of the Aborigines can´t have the same job as the white people just because there are Aborigines. Sure, some jobs require some qualifications of education but simple jobs can also be unavailable for the Aborigines in some cases. We can read in this example that the Aborigines´ working rights isn´t equal compared to the working rights for the white
As there were no toys and games for children to play with, which is a major part of upbringing, they were forced to take on adult responsibilities as young as seven to keep themselves occupied. Children at this age were expected to assist in productive activities in the household and may well be apprenticed out to learn to trade. This type of work led to “little distinction between adults and children”, for the reason that children were now seen as economic assets, just like men who provided money for the family in the pre-industrial society. In addition kids were criminally responsible, indicating that they could be punished for crimes such as stealing on a similar basis to that of adults. For example, a 7 year old could be hung for stealing.
A number of explanations for this data has been put forward by sociologists and they can be divided into ‘internal’ and ‘external’ factors, although in reality they do intertwine with each other. External factors are factors that occur outside the education system which possibly have an effect on the educational achievement of pupils. The first main external factor is cultural deprivation. Cultural deprivation argue that many working class families fail to perform one of their main functions- primary socialisation of children- and therefore their children are unable to acquire the basic values, attitudes and skills that are needed for educational success. They grow up ‘culturally deprived’, lacking the cultural equipment needed to do well at school, thus underachieving.