Most rehabilitation centers use therapy to overcome drug and alcohol addictions, not the underlying cause of the addictions. FT is thought to dive into past anger issues to help resolve it through
Lesher says, “Addiction is a brain disease expressed in the form of compulsive behavior.” As with most chronic diseases, addiction should also be treated with multiple recurring treatments since the brain chemistry of addicts often causes them to relapse into drug use. Lesher makes his case that addiction is a brain disease by stating that addicts cannot quit taking drugs on their own because they require medical treatment like most ill patients. The authors final opinion on addiction is that initial drug use is present due to the voluntary behavior of the addict and while it does not absolve the user of their responsibility as it was their fault, once they have developed an addiction, their brain has chemically changed so much that they can not will themselves to quit and must be treated as though they have a medical disease. NO: Alva Noe states that addiction is not a disease of the brain. First, he points that not all addictions are chemical substances and there are many activities that can be addictive to people.
Specifically, Plaintiff alleges that his smoking is protected under the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) because nicotine addiction is a “disability.” However, “smoking, whether denominated as a ‘nicotine addiction’ or not, is not a ‘disability’ within the meaning of the ADA.” Brashear v. Simms, 138 F.Supp.2d 693, 695 (D.Md. 2001) (citing Sutton v. United Airlines, Inc., 57 U.S. 471 (1999)). I. WHITNEY DISTINGUISHES BETWEEN “ADDICTION” AND “WITHDRAWAL” WHICH HAVE DIFFERENT CONSEQUENCES. It is important to note that Whitney’s policy distinguishes between addiction and withdrawal. Merriam-Webster’s dictionary defines addiction as “persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful,” but it defines withdrawal as “the syndrome of often painful physical and psychological symptoms that follows discontinuance of an addicting drug.” (Webster’s On-Line Dictionary, www.m-w.com).
The article explains how it is possible for such a wide variety of addictive substances, which don’t seem to have any common ingredients, all to create similar production of reward in the brain of an addict. As the article points out the need for new ideas in therapy is abundantly obvious. Although specific genetic origins have yet to be uncovered, the article exposes the idea that treating drug abuse with the use of drugs is only a band aid for a bullet hole. Unless we can specifically target the necessary area in the addicted brain’s reward center, relapse will forever be just a
In addition CBT focuses on the behavioral side of anxiety by offering problem solving skills, setting goals, and establishing priorities. This process may involve role-playing, rehearsal, and modeling (learning through imitation) (2011). Other components of cognitive behavioral therapy are muscle relaxation techniques, psychoeducation, and cognitive
Why do some people object to the term ‘mental illness’? To understand the complexity of the term ‘mental illness’, it is necessary to explore a diverse range of perspectives on varying topics that often arise within the ‘world’ of mental health. Using the elements of the K225 course model as a basis for exploration, this essay shall aim to demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the individual experiences that could lead to possible reasons why, some people may not be in favour of the term ‘mental illness’. (Unit 1, p.19). The ‘world’ of mental health briefly consists of people, services, policy, and legislation.
However, the behavior that is punish will occurs less frequent. Operant conditioning is like a simple hypothesis, meaning that a response influences the results that follow the behavior. Now that operant conditioning and its meaning is clear, it is important to
Name: Thomas Mulholland Student Number: 300229066 Date: 11/03/2011 Due date for essay: 11/03/2011 Word count: 830 The Intoxication Instinct 13 November 2004 by Helen Phillips and Graham Lawton In this essay I will consider Helen Phillips’ and Graham Lawtons’ idea that the pursuit of intoxication, particularly through the use of illicit drugs, is potentially a basic part of human nature and not as harmful as is often believed. This claim is important because despite continued attempts at prohibition, drug use remains a major part of human society. If we attempt to understand drug use and the desire for intoxication, instead of condemning them as a whole, humanity will have the potential to gain both a new understanding of the human mind, and access any positive uses found in these substances. I will assess the strengths and weakness of this position, and conclude by offering my overall evaluation of the argument. The authors of this paper argue that the pursuit of intoxication, be through mind altering drugs or through other means, is a basic part of human nature, present in some form or another across humans as a species (In their words, it is a “universal” pursuit), and biologically programmed into us, and that drug use and experimentation is not inherently evil, such as is often claimed.
The definition of personality in which this essay will refer to must first be established. According to Pastorino and Doyle-Portillo (2010), personality is a unique combination of feelings, attitudes, thoughts, impulses, behaviour and habits that characterize how the individual will typically react across a range of situations. Personality is currently widely believed to have some innate qualities and other qualities which are developed through the interaction which the environment (Pastorino, & Doyle-Portillo, 2010). An important area to note is that it is how one will typically react, thus personality will guide our behaviour but it is not fixed. There are various other views of what personality is according to different psychologists, yet this is the definition which has been adopted for this paper.
The term disposition refers to somebody’s beliefs, attitudes, and personality. When people attribute other people’s behaviour to external factors such as the immediate rewards and punishments in a social setting or social pressure, they are making a situational attribution. While making judgements about people’s behaviour, we tend to make errors. Attribution theory argues that people are more likely to explain another person’s actions by pointing to the dispositional factors, rather than to the situation. When people overestimate the role of dispositional factors in an individual’s behaviour and underestimate the situational factors, it is called the fundamental attribution error.