PRELIMINARY CHEMISTRY ASSESSMENT TASK 1. Identify the sources of pollution which accompany the combustion of organic compounds and explain how these can be avoided. Combustion refers to the burning of a substance in oxygen. It is a process in which a self-sustained chemical reaction occurs at temperatures above those of the surroundings. Combustion of organic compounds can result in detrimental impacts on the environment such as the generation of acids and production of carbon monoxide, particulates and soot.
Prob.4 I n a process for the manufacture of chlorine by direct oxidation of HC l with air over a catalyst to form Cl2 and H2O ( only), the exit product is composed of HCl (4.4% ), Cl2 ( 19.8% ), H2O ( 19.8% ), O 2 ( 4.0% ) and N2 (52.0% ). What was
Then the second process is after we get the processed and filtered coal, gas or water or carbon dioxide can be added to balance the amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Then the hot gasses pass over a catalyst. It causes the carbon monoxide and hydrogen condenses into the long hydrocarbon chains and water. The hydrocarbon chains can be used to substitute oil such as gasoline. The water from this process can be recycled and use for steam in the beginning of the process.
In partial oxidation plants with oil-fired auxiliary boilers the reduction of SO2 emissions can be achieved by using low sulphur fuel oil. From steam reforming plants with a fired primary reformer, emissions into air come from the various sources such as flue-gas from the primary reformer, vent gas from removal of carbon dioxide, breathing gas from oil buffers (seals / compressor) and also from non-continuous emissions (venting and flaring) (Ave, Evan Nieuwenhuyse, 2000). For pollution related to water, it may occur due to process condensates or due to the scrubbing of waste gases containing ammonia under normal operation. Process condensate is found in the condensation section prior to the carbon dioxide removal, of the order of one meter cube per ton of ammonia produced. Without treatment this condensate can contain up to 1kg of ammonia and 1kg methanol per m3.
Finally, how does carbon monoxide disrupt the process of oxygen transport? The oxygen diffuses in alveoli through capillaries and goes into the arterial blood. The waste-rich blood from veins, containing carbon dioxide releases carbon dioxide into alveoli. The carbon dioxide follows the same path out of the lungs. The diaphragm is essential for the gas exchange process.
Results: Zinc Metal - Iodine - Iodide + Triodide + Zinc Ion + Focus Questions: 1. Is there a way to put energy into Zinc Iodide in order to regain the elements, zinc and iodine? If there is a way, how does it happen? Yes, this can be done through electrolysis using a battery and exposed wire tips. Take sample of Zinc Iodide and dissolve in solution.
The carbon rod is surrounded by a layer of manganese dioxide (MnO2), and a thick paste of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2), which serves as an electrolyte. The oxidation reaction that takes place on the zinc casing is: Zn(s)→Zn+2+2e- While the reduction reaction that takes place on the carbon rod is: 2MnO2+2H+(aq)+2e-→Mn2O3(s)+H2O(l) The overall reaction is: Zn(s)+2MnO2+2NH4+(s)→Mn2O3(s)+Zn(NH3)22+(aq)+H2O(l) The standard dry cell contains 1.5V. The reactions present in dry cells continue until they run out of a reactant (the anode or cathode). However, there are cells that can be recharged, as the redox reaction can be reversed in order to regenerate the original reactants. Some examples of these batteries include lithium batteries and car batteries.
Power plants are the main resource for the burning of coal and oil. When they are burned it releases a substance called sulfur dioxide and can affect the environment including our live stock, plants, animals, the air that we breathe and our water sources. Recycling becomes more important on large scales. Used consumer goods are collected, converted back into raw materials and are remade into new consumer products. Examples of materials commonly recycled are, office paper, steel from old buildings, plastic containers and aluminum cans.
Sulfuric Acid is a strong acid that exists as a colorless oily corrosive liquid and is made by reacting sulfur trioxide with water. This is most commonly found in batteries, manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, detergents, dyes and other different chemicals. Sulfuric Acid is very dangerous to humans as it can cause respiratory tracts of humans and other animals while doing some major damage to plants that helps provide oxygen for us. Ground-level ozone is a secondary air pollutant formed when sunlight triggers reactions between nitrogen oxides and volatile hydrocarbons. If a human inhales ground-level ozone it can cause chest pain, throat irritation, and congestion.
The plasma furnace is the central component of the system where gasification and vitrification takes place. Plasma torches are mounted at the bottom of the reactor, they provide high temperature air (i.e., almost three times higher than traditional combustion temperatures) which allow for the gasification of the waste materials. The gas produced in the furnace system is referred to as synthesis gas. This gas then enters the synthesis gas cleaning system. Gas cleaning refers to the process of removing acid gases, suspended particulates, heavy metals and moisture from the synthesis gas prior to entering the energy recovery system where power, steam and synthetic fuels can be obtained.