Eighty percent of C-diff cases are found in healthcare settings (CDC, 2010). C-Diff can be very difficult to treat due to the fact that it has proven to be MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) and in some cases the bacteria can cause death. Patients affected by C-diff may exhibit watery diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, nausea, and abdominal pain and tenderness. However, patients may also present with symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis, toxic mega colon, perforation of the colon, and sepsis (CDC, 2010). Contact precautions are necessary when treating a patient this includes wearing a gown and gloves.
Patients who are very ill usually require intravenous (IV) antibiotics and admission to a hospital; they usually have a kidney infection (pyelonephritis) that may be spreading to the bloodstream. Other people may have a milder infection (cystitis) and may get well quickly with oral antibiotics. E. coli Enteritis E. coli enteritis is an inflammation of the small intestine, caused by infection with certain strains of E. coli bacteria. The diarrheal diseases caused by E. coli range from mild to life-threatening, depending on the specific type of E. coli bacteria involved. It is the most common cause of
It can cause cold sores, mouth ulcers, and skin lesion or rash on the lips, mouth, and gums. Most of the people of the United States get infected by the age of twenty and almost 70% of the world population is seropositive for Herpes Simplex Virus type 1, which means that almost 2/3 of the population of the world has the virus in their bodies they might not show the symptoms, but they can infect other people with contact of saliva or direct contact with skin (Rajiv, Saini, Saini Santosh,
People with multiple outdoor activities have higher risks of becoming infected. Children between the ages of 5-14 years old and adults between the ages of 45-54 years old have the highest reported incidents of contracting Lyme disease. If diagnosed in early stages, Lyme disease can be cured with three to four week course of antibiotics such as doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime axetil. Without treatment, complications involving the joint, heart, and nervous system can occur. People who have neurological or cardiac issues may require the use of other drugs such as ceftriaxone or penicillin that have to be taken
This can last between 6-20 days, with an average of approximately 7-10 days (CDC, 2012). The next phase of Whooping cough is known as the Catarrhal phase ( Cortese, Bisgard, 2008). During this phase the patient begins to exhibit mild symptoms and the infection extremely contagious ( Cortese, Bisgard, 2008). The Catarrhal phase can last up to two weeks and is often misdiagnosed as a common cold (Bauman, 2012). Symptoms during this phase include a runny nose, weak cough, slight nasal and upper respiratory congestion, and at times a low grade fever (CDC,
Early Lyme disease usually causes one or more of the following symptoms, which occur days to weeks after infection: headaches, chills, fever, nausea, aching muscles or joints, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes and erythema migrans. Erythema migrans is the characteristic sign of Lyme disease appearing in eighty percent of the patients. It is a red circular patch usually appearing three to ten days, but can occur up to thirty six days, after the transmission from the vector at the site of the bite (Depietropaolo, Powers, Gill, Foy, 2005). The patch then enlarges resulting in a bulls-eye appearance, and sometimes several patches may appear varying in shape and size around the
Chronic pain is very draining and can limit many activities. Almost every patient with Sickle cell has a painful crises. Some patients have them once a year where others have them 15 or more times a year. The most common places these crises occur are in the bones, abdomen, lungs, and joints blocking blood flow and organ
In other cases sometimes a short 3-day course of antibiotics is given such as Nitrofurantoin, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin, Cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin, and Doxycycline. Elderly people and those with weakened immune systems, such as people with diabetes have a higher risk of the infection spreading to the kidney in addition to other complications. If symptoms are not severe some simple home remedies will do the trick as well for example, painkillers such as Tylenol or Ibuprofen. Drink plenty of fluids which will help flush the bacteria from the system. Make sure you do not consume alcohol until all symptoms are clear.
There are different forms of the disease, and it is hard to predict if a person will experience a mild form or a severe one. People who experience sudden attacks of symptoms, which then improve or completely disappear are said to have the relapsing remitting form of the disease. This is the most common form. About two thirds of people with this end up going on to develop the secondary progressive form after 15 years (Multiple Sclerosis 2010). This is when their symptoms fail to recover and gradually worsen.
The main symptoms include: muscle spasms, urinary problems, mood and behavior issues, and fatigue. Each episode can last for days, weeks, or months. Episodes alternate with times of reduced or no symptoms. Fevers, hot baths, sun exposure, and stress can trigger or worsen attacks. Patients with multiple sclerosis can have symptoms in several parts of the body, because nerves in any part of the brain or spinal cord may be damaged.