Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

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The Last Great Wilderness Located in the far northeast corner of Alaska is the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). This area consists of over 19 million acres of protected land and is home to a harsh climate and pure wildlife. The refuge is more diverse than any other plot of National land and is considered by many to be the last great wilderness. This area has been largely untouched by oil companies but over the past thirty years, there has been a growing debate of whether or not to drill for oil inside of the refuge. Opening up the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to Oil drilling would diminish the landscape and destroy the wildlife. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is distinct from any other protected area of the Arctic…show more content…
Since drilling in this area began, attempts were made at expanding the operation to encompass the Coastal Plains section of the refuge. However, the National Interest Land Conservation Act was passed in 1980 which designated the 1.4 million acres of the coastal plains as a study area. In is in this section of the Wildlife Refuge that there is controversy over whether or not to drill. Although the numbers are not exact, it is estimated that there are close to 8 million barrels of recoverable crude oil that can be drilled for in the contested area of the refuge. The laws that apply within the refuge state that the construction of buildings, roads, and pipelines are forbidden and Congress is the only body that can approve of any…show more content…
Oil spills in this area would be extremely damaging because toxins from the oil remain in cold water for a longer period of time. The oil would also concentrate in the locations that provide breathing holes and congregations spots for these mammals. The toxins from an oil spill would stay in these marine mammals and have harmful effects on the related food chain when they are preyed and scavenged upon. The noise and disruption that would result from drilling would disrupt the navigation patterns and social interactions of these mammals. Out of all the marine mammals that would be affected, the bowhead whale would feel the worst affects of drilling. It is currently endangered and still making a recovery from nearly becoming extinct. Of the 10 thousand bowhead whales that still exist, the majority are found in the Western Arctic. These whales are extremely sensitive to noise disturbance which can damage migratory paths and interfere with breeding and nursing
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