Apple, Inc.: Analysis of Income Statements and Ratios

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Abstract Apple, Inc. creates and sells personal computers, high-tech mobile phones, portable music players, and related hardware and software within the technology sector. Their fiscal year ended on September 25, 2010, and figures discussed in this paper are based on the numbers in the annual 10-K report from that year. The company’s major revenue account is net sales, which is itemized by operating segment and by product. Its major expense account is cost of sales. The company’s total asset turnover ratio is slightly lower than the computer industry average but higher than the technology sector’s average as a whole. Apple, Inc. has a detailed revenue recognition policy, which describes how they record revenues according to product type. Also discussed is the process for determining selling price to allocate as revenue, and what factors might cause a reduction in revenue. Overall, the company has a conservative method of recognizing revenues and expenses, and their accounting policies have helped the company to successfully finance operations with cash inflows. Revenues And Expenses Net sales make up the entire operating revenue listed on Apple, Inc.’s income statement. The company breaks this figure down by operating segment, as well as by product that they sell (Apple 2010). By operating segment, or region, the Americas are the largest, with 37.5% of all net sales. By product, the iPhone and related products and services make up 38.6% of all net sales. The cost of sales is the major expense account, and makes up 84.4% of all operating expenses. Total Asset Turnover Ratio The total asset turnover ratio, or sales generated per dollar of assets, has been increasing slightly since 2008, at 1.0, to 2009, at 1.03 to 2010, at 1.06 (Apple 2008, 2009, 2010). This trend suggests a gradual increase in efficiency at converting assets to sales revenue.

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