Alexander II Facts

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ALEXANDER II Alexander II Alexander II was emperor of Russia from 1855 to 1881. He is called the "tzar liberator" because he freed the serfs (poor peasants who lived on land owned by nobles) in 1861. Alexander's reign is famous in Russian history and is called the "era of great reforms." Born: April 17, 1818 Moscow, Russia Died: March 1, 1881 St. Petersburg, Russia Fact : Alexander learned to speak Russian, German, French, English, and Polish. He gained a knowledge of military arts, finance, and diplomacy, or the study of dealing with foreign countries. From an early age he traveled widely in Russia and in other countries. For example, in 1837 he visited thirty Russian provinces, including Siberia (a frigid, northern region…show more content…
He changed his mind because he believed that freeing the serfs was the only way to prevent them from revolting. Facts of Freeing the Serfs In 1861 Alexander created an emancipation, or freedom, law, which said that serfs could now marry, own property, and argue court cases. Each landowner had to determine the area of land owned by the serfs. Landowners also had to pay the serfs for the work they did. Each peasant family received their house and a certain amount of land. The emancipation law of 1861 has been called the greatest single law in history. It gave the serfs a more dignified life. * Serfs granted personal freedom within 2 years, allowing them to own land, marry without interference, use law courts and set up their own businesses. * Freed peasants were granted ownership of their houses and the plot of land they had worked on. * The local mir was made responsible for collecting and paying the redemption taxes, and thus exercised considerable control over each peasant. State serfs were granted the same terms, but the transition period was 5 years not 2 and they generally received larger plots of lands. Household serfs came out worst of all: they received no land, just their
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