The leaders of this movement were General Ludendorff, Wolfgang Kapp from the Patriotic Party and General von Luttwitz of the Freikorps. On the night of March 12th and the morning of March 13th General von Luttwitz led the Freikorps brigade into Berlin where they seized the government district, to combat this Noske, the Defence Minister ordered the army to act however Head of the General Staff, General von Seeckt ordered his troops to stay in the barracks, declaring that he would not allow soldiers of the same country to fire on each other. The Kapp Putsch was instead stopped by the workers in the city who held major strikes across the city in support of the new Republic. The impact of the Putsch was how it should the lack of support for the Weimar Republic from the army, however perhaps more important to note is how the event showed the Republics reliance on an unreliable force to maintain order. A second event known as the Munich Putsch shows the threats of the right against the Weimar Republic.
Although the conditions of the agreement seemed extremely severe, the allied countries had no sympathy for the Germans. They were forced to pay excessive amounts of money as reparation fees to make up for all the damage and destruction that was caused during the war. 13% of German territory was given away and many important industrial areas were controlled by western allies. This caused a major impact on the economy and had many affects to not only the government, but German citizens as well. Many people became unemployed and were no longer able to support their families.
Years later, on Joseph Stalin's orders, Trotsky was assassinated. No one could take action against the Bolsheviks who were subverting the army, passing out fire-arms, and appointing their supporters as commissars of military units. On the night of November 6-7 the Bolsheviks attacked, and gained control of the capitol after several days of fighting. Meanwhile, Lenin had to deal with the war. Peace negotiations failed, so Lenin dealt
The pledge was kept until January 1917, when the original policy of unrestricted submarine warfare resurfaced. Germany felt that by cutting off supplies it could end the war on its terms before the United States could react. Shortly afterward, the United States cut off diplomatic relations with Germany, a step preparatory to war. In
Stresemann recognised that Germany had no real option in the Ruhr, but also realised that any move that seemed to be surrendering would be hugely unpopular. In September 1923, he called off ‘passive resistance’ in the Ruhr, and promised to start paying reparations again. He made sure that there would be no repeat of the Ruhr occupation with the Locarno Pact of 1925, which, with British support, was a guarantee by the European Great Powers that there would not be a repetition, in return for the permanent demilitarization of the Rhineland. This led to Germany being accepted to join the council of the League of Nations, as he managed to ease French concerns about a German
The Treaty caused humiliation and shock amongst the citizens of the country, much of the political backlash was due to the fact that the Allies were dictating to Germany the harsh terms of the war reparations, which was seen as absurd by many citizens as they did not feel as if they were responsible for starting the war nor did they feel as though they had lost. As Germany had to pay reparations, they were told to issue a blank cheque which allies would cash when it suited them; the figure that was demanded was well
Woodrow Wilson came to Paris bringing with him a peace program, which was about his moral, idealistic notion of a new world order. His idea was to link the instrument of surrender for the Germans to the creation of the League of Nations. On the way to Paris, Wilson went to England, where he spoke about how he wished to overthrow the old diplomatic system, which had led to the escalation of the war even before he had made his "Fourteen Points" speech in January 1918. When the US first entered the Great War, the President wanted that there be “peace without victory” and his Fourteen Points outlined a proposed arrangement that altered diplomatic relationships to such an extent that future wars could be prevented. Wilson could clearly see that the conclusion of the Great War was an opportunity for him to advance his progressive policies.
These consist of firstly, his encouragement of the revolution in 1917 through his confidence in his theory and timing. He then, in January of 1918 supported Trotsky opposed to Lenin in the conscription of the Red Army rather than depending on volunteers and also dissolved his promised Constituent Assembly in his refusal to share power- crucial to succeed in their aim of dictatorship. In March of that year he, much to the rest of the country’s distaste due to the severe demands, insisted on the signing of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk on the back of their withdrawal from WW! ; knowing that peace was essential for their survival. Lenin then ensured their victory in the Civil War with his establishment of War Communism and the use of terror.
As a result, various problems developed that fed back upon one another and led to Persia's decline and fall. For one thing, weak rulers led to numerous revolts, especially in Egypt, which always had detested Persian rule. Secondly, the satraps also became more independent, ruling their satrapies more as kings than as the king's loyal subjects. They even carried on their own foreign policies and waged war on each other, which only added to Persia's problems. Revolts and unruly satraps caused serious economic problems for the empire.
Schuschnigg compromised by appointing the Nazi Seyss-Inquart as Minister of the Interior. Hitler had built up his armed forces and achieved success in the Rhineland whilst at the same time noting the failures of the League of Nations. France and Britain both refused to help Austria, so on March 9 1938 Schuschnigg announced his intention to hold a plebiscite to allow the Austrian people decide for themselves, whether they actually wanted to join with Germany or not. Hitler got furious and moved troops to the Austrian border and demanded that Schussing should call off the plebiscite. Schuschnigg had no choice to give in and resign.