In 1997, autopsies of people who died of the Spanish Flu in the early 1900’s, appear to have a strain of H1N1 traced in their bodies. This means that H1N1 could have occurred along the side with the Spanish Flu of 1918 and possibly aid in the killing of its victims. The second similarity between the Spanish Flu of 1918 and H1N1 is that both influenza first occurred in the Springtime. Since the Spanish Flu of 1918 appeared out of nowhere, and the lack of medical treatment, the amount of deaths may be higher in the Spanish Flu because of this. In conclusion, there are many similarities and differences between the Spanish Flu of 1918 and the H1N1 pandemics.
Influenza A virus Infects multiple hosts – aquatic (grab rest from crhsis) Influenza A naming Virus type – origin – strain number - year of isolation – virus subtype Influenza C – infects pigs and humans Almost excuslisvng a human pathogen B and C Causes mild illness and may causes local epidemeics Antigenic drift – RNA dependent RNA polymerase No proofreading function Highly error prone 1 – every 10 000 nucleotides 1 errror each new virion = mutant viruses andDRIFT slight mutant change occurs in influenza A B C Antigentic Shift Reassortment event 2 different viruses or strains that ocme togethert to form a new viral subtypre occur sonly with flu A – result of large host rane – great chance of combo results in
INCORRECT The most common type of cirrhosis worldwide is actually the result of hepatotoxins, such as viral hepatitis, which cause massive liver necrosis. C) All alcoholics will develop cirrhosis. INCORRECT No more than half of all alcoholics will develop Laennec's cirrhosis, which is the type of cirrhosis related to alcohol consumption. Laennec's cirrhosis is the most common form of cirrhosis in North America. D) Spouses of alcoholics are at risk for cirrhosis.
USA vaccines cover A, C, W-135, and Y but not B (Coffee, 2015). The incubation period of meningococcal disease ranges from 2 to 10 days. The disease is spread through saliva and respiratory droplets. The most common way people transfer the disease is through kissing, sharing drinks, sharing used silverware, sharing lip balm, and close contact with an infected person who may cough or sneeze within three feet of an individual. Meningococcal meningitis is a fast moving, deadly infection that kills 10 to 13% of its victims within a matter of hours or days (CDC, 2015).
Shingles does not usually occur in babies, but if a baby is exposed to chicken pox earlier in life and months later the babies immune system is compromised that baby can develop shingles. 3.According to Patrick Guilfoille the same Varicella Zoster Virus is responsible for both chicken pox and shingles. Shingles is the reactivation of the virus in the affected person. The reactivation occurs when that individual’s immune system is suppressed. The link between the baby’s present condition and the three-year-old sisters is that, the three year old might have transferred the virus to the six month old through touch, coughing or sneezing.
Smallpox is an incredibly deadly virus. It has a 20-60% fatality rate (80% in children). Small Pox has two variants, Variola Major, and Variola Minor. It comes from the Latin name Variola (once again that class helps me) meaning spots or pimple. Being a Virus, Smallpox cannot be cured, only vaccinated against.
Most of humanity felt the effects of this powerful strain of the influenza virus. It spread easily following the paths of its human carriers moving along trade routes and shipping lines. Nowhere was safe, and no one was unaffected. Outbreaks spread through North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Brazil, and the South Pacific. It is believed that World War I aided in the virus’ rapid diffusion and attack with its mass movements of men in armies and aboard ships.
Lyme Disease DefinitionLyme disease is an infection transmitted by the bite of ticks carrying the spiral-shaped bacterium. The disease was named for Lyme, Connecticut, because it was first diagnosed in 1975 after an outbreak of arthritis. The organism was named for its discoverer, Willy Burgdorfer. The effects of this disease can be long-term and disabling unless it is recognized and treated properly with antibiotics. Lyme disease is the most common illness in North America and Europe.
Although you can have a flu vaccination there is currently no vaccination for a cold. Common fungi infections include athletes foot and ring worm. These can treated with creams or tablets. These infections usually present themselves as dry, itchy red patches of skin. They are divided into two different groups: yeasts and dermotophytes.
According to the textbook of influenza. There are serious side effects to the flu vaccine, yet very rare. Someone who has received the vaccine will experience a mild temperature. A person who takes the vaccine might also experience their muscles aching for a few days after receiving the jab, as well as the arm or the area were the jab was given, which might be sore. The best time to have the flu vaccine is in autumn; this is usually September until early November before any outbreaks.