In order to identify the unknown organism a series of tests were performed. The tests used were glucose, sucrose, lactose fermentation; Urease, motility, MR-VP, citrate, oxidase, and indole these tests were used to identify the genus of the unknown and a McConkey agar plate was used to differentiate and confirm the species of the unknown. This report will explain and give more in depth reasons why certain tests were done and the results yielded from them. Materials & Methods On the first day after receiving the unknown microorganism a streak plate was aseptically done as shown in exercise 2 of the lad manual (Kleyn 9). The streak plate technique is done to isolate a colony formed by a single cell from a mixture containing millions of cells.
Heats of Solution and Reaction Name: Cindy Hernandez Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to decided if the chemical reactions are exothermic and endothermic. By finding the differences between each temperature. Overview: For this lab, we had three different chemicals involved NH4Cl, H2SO4, and NaOH. What we did with these chemicals was that we added water, except NaOH we added HCl, was that we combined both mixtures to determine if there was a temperature change. The reason why we're determining if their was a chemical reaction is to identify if it is exothermic or endothermic.
Ocean County College Department of Chemistry [Observations of Chemical Changes] Submitted by Andrew Grimm Date Submitted: 5/31/14 Date Performed: 5/31/14 Lab Section: Chem-181DL2 Course Instructor: Amal Bassa Purpose The main goal in this experiment is to observe the properties of simple chemical reactions, and relating their chemical properties to household products. Procedure To begin this experiment I placed two drops of NaHCO3 into well A1 of the 96-well plate, and then added two drops of HCl into well A1. Next I placed two drops of HCl into well B2, and added two drops of BTB, and observed the color. Then I placed two drops of NH3 into well C1 and added one drop of BTB, and observed the color. Next I added two drops of HCl into well D1, and then added two drops of blue dye, and recorded what I saw.
Laboratory Experiment pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc A Two-Step Synthesis of the Laundry Detergent Perfume Additive β‑Citronellyl Tosylate Cheryl M. Mascarenhas* Department of Chemistry, Benedictine University, Lisle, Illinois 60532, United States S * Supporting Information ABSTRACT: A two-step synthesis of the compound β-citronellyl tosylate is described. The final product, synthesized by the reduction of β-citronellal with sodium borohydride followed by a solvent-free tosylation, is used as a perfume precursor and additive to laundry detergent. This project can be performed in two weeks in a typical second-year organic chemistry teaching laboratory. It exposes students to perfume chemistry, a topic not typically discussed in an organic chemistry course. Moreover, the solvent-free tosylation step of the reaction leads pedagogically to a discussion about green chemistry.
First using the various dilutions of the solution and their absorbance, graph is plotted to determine the slope. With the slope and absorbance from the data table, molarity can be calculated using formula, absorbance equals slope times molarity. Procedure Refer to: Laboratory Manual for Chemistry 1A. Chabot College, Hayward, CA, 2012. Page 105 and 106.
Design Your Own Physical and Chemical Change Lab Report Emma Melina March 11th, 2011 Purpose: To determine whether the following combinations of chemicals produce chemical or physical reactions. Hypothesis: If the following combinations of chemicals are mixed together, then they will produce mostly chemical changes. Materials: -2 metal 1g spoons -calcium chloride (CaCl) -baking soda (NaHCO3) -phenolphthalein -bromothymol blue -plastic bags -distilled water -graduated cylinder Procedure: 1. Add combinations from the observation table into baggies and mix together. 2.Record observations.
Experiment F: Dehydration of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexene March 18, 2013 OBJECTIVES * Gain familiarity of dehydration mechanism and refractive index * Synthesize cyclohexene through dehydration of cyclohexanol by using phosphoric acid as catalyst * Grow in familiarity in reading IR spectra and data BALACED CHEMICAL EQUATION FOR THE DEHYDRATION C6H12O + H3O4P C6H10 + H2O TABLE OF PROPERTIES AND EQUIVALENTS NameCASChemical FormulaStructure | FW (g/mole) | BP/MP (° C) | Density (g/mL) | Refractive index | Molar amounts added (mol/L) | Limiting reagent | Hazards | Cyclohexanol108-93-0C6H12O | 100.16 | 161.125.15 | 0.96 | n20/D 1.465 | | Yes | Results in skin, respiratory tract and eye irritation; hazardous if swallowed |
Ocean County College Department of Chemistry LAB 1: OBSERVATIONS OF CHEMICAL CHANGES Submitted by Date Submitted: 05 FEB 2010 Date Performed: 30 JAN 2010 Lab Section: DL2 Course Instructor: Professor Maria Tamburro Purpose : Using various chemicals provided in the LABPAQ and home cleaning supplies I am to study the composition and structure of materials, and the changes that they undergo. Throughout this experiment, indication that chemical changes are taking place is to be noted. A chemical change occurs when the chemical makeup of the substance changes, and a new substance or substances are formed. The most common chemical changes are observable through color changes, the formation of
Chemistry 75a | Experiment1: Solubility | George Sayegh | | Dr. Tjandra | 9/3/2013 | | Purpose: To be able to gain a good understanding in solubility behaviors through polarity and Acid-Base techniques. In the experiment we will gain an understanding of the structural futures of a substance that determines its solubility in various solvents. Experimental and Data/Result: Part A: Solubility of Solid Compounds: In this Part A of the experiment we will test the solubility of 3 organic compounds, Benzophenone, Succinic Acid, and Biphenyl in the same method for all three. To each organic compound we will add water (highly polar), Methyl Alcohol (intermediate polar), and Hexane (non-polar). Using these 3 testers we will see the solubility of each organic compound and also how it relates to the
Chasity Thompson Date of Experiment: October 26, 2012 Report Submitted: October 27, 2012 Title: Colligative Properties & Osmotic Pressure Purpose: The experiment was designed to explore the colligative properties of freezing point depression and osmotic pressure in solutions as well as define colligative properties and discuss membrane permeability and osmotic pressure. Procedure: There were several different products used to prepare for this experiment such as small rubber bands, salt, tap water, 1/8 measuring spoon, distilled water, crushed ice, 100ml plastic beaker, digital stopwatch, test tubes, thermometer, 24 well plate, white vinegar, eggs, Karo light syrup, pint jar with lid, glass bowl, funnel, and Dialysis tubing. Data Tables: Time (s) | Temperature (c) Distilled Water | Temperature (c) Salt Water | 0 | 21 | 22 | 30 | 5 | 7 | 60 | 0 | 4 | 90 | -1 | 1 | 120 | -1 | 0 | 150 | -1 | 0 | 180 | -1 | 0 | 210 | 0 | 0 | 240 | 0 | 0 | 270 | 0 | 0 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 330 | 0 | 0 | Temperature of Pure Distilled Water: Temperature of Salt Water: Observations of Raw Egg: Eggshell in vinegar reaction CaCO3+ 2H+ -> Ca+2+ H2O +CO2 Time (Hours) | Raw Egg | Raw Egg in Vinegar | Raw Egg in Syrup | Raw Egg rinsed in Tap Water | 0 | Oval shaped,white, opaque,hard shell | Oval shaped, white, opaque,Bubbles rising out of vinegar | Oval shaped, large, translucentyellow, no shell | The egg isstill soft andsmall and isa paleyellow color | 6 | | Slightly yellowish,bubbles in vinegar | Translucentyellow, largesize, no shell | | 12 | | Yellow,bubbles in vinegar, shellthinning | Slightly smaller in size, translucentyellow, no shell | | 24 | | Translucentyellow, larger insize, no shell | Noticeablysmaller in size, feels soft to thetouch, still yellow | | Questions: Question A: To what