The Ottoman Rule was the last rule Libya ad to endure before being imperialized by the Italians. Before the Italian imperialization, not much was different about Libya than it is today. The people of Libya mostly spoke Arabic and practiced the Muslim faith. Libya didn’t have very many resources prior to the Italian rule, because petroleum wasn’t accessed until very recently. The type of government varied depending on who was in power at the time Libya had been under the influence of the Roman Empire, the Spanish rule, and the Byzantium Empire.
(Lawhead 2011:15-16). However, the pre-Socratic philosophers brought about change through discrediting the accepted mythical thinking that all things can be explained by means of the nature of the Greek gods. They went about removing the negativity surrounding knowledge at the time in order to facilitate human beings to determine truth for themselves instead of blindly believing explanations of a blind nature. This opened up a consideration for knowledge from a naturalistic standpoint (Curd & Graham 2008:8). The theories of the pre-Socratic philosophers were generally characterised by their link to perception.
This paper explores four of the greatest minds of Greek astronomy Apollinarius, Aristarchus of Samos, Ptolemy, and Hipparchus of Nicea. The ancient Greeks are often referred to as the fathers of ancient astronomy. They developed theories and mathematical formulae to describe the wonders of the cosmos, even the word cosmos came from the Greeks. The ancient Greek philosophers refined astronomy from being an observational science into a full-blown theoretical science. This paper will attempt to find out who actually was more important to the history of astronomy of these four astronomers.
Abid Ali Professor Peterson WOH 2001 August 10, 2012 Laozi vs. Aristotle Laozi and Aristotle are among the greatest philosophers the world has ever seen. An outstanding researcher and writer, Aristotle provided this world with great body of work, numbering to as many as two hundred treatises. His work ranges from logic, metaphysics and philosophy to empirical biology where he made a significant contribution to marine biology. Laozi, as the name meaning suggests “old master” was an extraordinary thinker and is credited as the founder of philosophical Taoism. LAOZI IS A BELIEVER OF NON-ACTIONG AND LETTING NATURE BE, WHILE ARISTOTLE FOUND THE NEED TO UNDERSTAND AND EXPLAIN THE HAPPENINGS AROUND THE WORLD THROUGH SCIENCE AND LOGIC IN ORDER TO MAKE PROGRESS AND CONTROL THE WORLD.
He was, however, banished because of his rational views, which clashed with the orthodox views of the political leaders, and devoted the rest of his life to his philosophy and works. Ibn-Rushd’s works varied in topic, as he wrote about medicine, grammar, law, and theology, but the majority of his works were done on philosophy. Specifically, he worked on the works of Aristotle, breaking them down and writing commentaries. Both Ibn-Rushd and Aristotle believed in a rational view of the world, stating that there is no higher reality, nor is there a dream world, as Ibn-Rushd commented when reading the works of Plato. He believed you could reach knowledge of the universe either through religion, which was the popular belief, or through philosophy, and believed there was no conflict between them.
Actually, when Socrates talks about “human wisdom”, what he really means is recognizing and admitting one’s ignorance about not knowing, rather than one claiming to know. In the beginning of the text, right after Socrates mentions the sophists, he says “Men of Athens, this reputation of mine has come of a certain sort of wisdom .What kind of wisdom? It is perhaps such wisdom as could be called human wisdom, for to that extent I am inclined to believe that I may be wise; whereas the persons of whom I was just speaking seem to have a sort of superhuman wisdom, for I don’t know how else to describe it, because I do not have it myself, and whoever says that I so speaks falsely and is attacking my character” (¶ 8). In this particular quote Socrates is speaking, he lacks in fully explaining the meaning of the “wisdom” the people of Athens speak on when referring to his reputation, this illustrates further that he knows nothing, which he states continuously throughout the text. Socrates then gives this word a new meaning when stating that instead of having just wisdom, it may be more politically correct to say “human wisdom”.
The Unexamined life is worth living What does it mean to live a good life? Famous Greek philosopher Socrates once said, "The unexamined life is not worth living.” (Plato 30). By saying this, Socrates was basically stating that in order to achieve the good life, one must examine life and question the unanswered thoroughly. Some people may agree with this idea while others may strongly disagree. After giving this question much thought, I have come to a conclusion as to what I believe the good life actually is.
Finally, in our current formal educational environments, do you think that we have largely abandoned the dialectical and demonstrative methods? Provide at least two substantial reasons for your position. Plato and Aristotle have complimentary concepts of knowledge as described in their understanding of knowledge and through their ideas of obtaining knowledge using dialectical and demonstrative methods. According to Plato, knowledge is the essence of the Forms. Knowledge is stable and unchanging which means we cannot know the material things of the physical world.
[203] The knowledge that comes from the sciences is usually expressed in propositions and laid before us as conclusions that we can grasp and put to use. But the "doctrine" of a thinker is that which remains unsaid within what is said, that to which we are exposed so that we might expend ourselves on it. In order to experience and to know henceforth what a thinker left unsaid, whatever that might be, we have to consider what he said. To properly satisfy this demand would entail examining all of Plato's "dialogues" in their interrelationship. Since this is impossible, we may let a different path guide us to the unsaid in Plato's thinking.
Reflective Paper On Republic Of Plato: Book 1 The first day of into to philosophy we had a group discussion about what the definition of justice is and how it relates to us in the real world. My personal impression of justice was doing what was expected of you by society and suffering the consequences for committing injustice. But this issue is far more complex than as we found out in reading The Republic Of Plato. In the republic, Plato speaks though his teacher Socrates and sets out to try and find the answers to two questions; what is justice and why should we be just? Looking at the Republic as a work on justice, we first have to ask ourselves why does justice have to be defended.