Pastoralism Essay

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Pastoralism is a subsistence pattern in which people make their living by tending herds of large animals. The species of animals vary with the region of the world, but they are all domesticated herbivores that normally live in herds and eat grasses or other abundant plant foods. Horses are the preferred species by most pastoralists in Mongolia and elsewhere in Central Asia. In East Africa, it is primarily cattle. In the mountainous regions of Southwest Asia, it is mainly sheep and goats. It is often camels in the more arid lowland areas of the Southwest Asia and North and East Africa. Among the Saami people (or Lapps ) of northern Scandinavia, it is reindeer. Some pastoralists in northern Mongolia also herd reindeer. While the Saami mostly use their reindeer as a source of meat, the Dukha people (or Tsaatan ) of northern Mongolia milk and ride their reindeer much as other Mongolians do with horses. Traditional pastoralist regions during the late 19th and early 20th centuries | | | | | | The Reindeer People--life of the Dukha reindeer pastoralists of Northern Mongolia To return here, you must click the "back" button on your browser program. (length = 53 mins, 51 secs) | | | | Mongolian horse pastoralist camp | | There are essentially two forms of pastoralism. They are known as nomadism and transhumance. Pastoral nomads follow a seasonal migratory pattern that can vary from year to year. The timing and destinations of migrations are determined primarily by the needs of the herd animals for water and fodder. These nomadic societies do not create permanent settlements, but rather they live in tents or other relatively easily constructed dwellings the year round. Pastoral nomads are usually self-sufficient in terms of food and most other necessities. | | Near Eastern transhumance nomads moving their herd of sheep and goats to highlands

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