It is wrong when it tends otherwise." He supports the idea from two perspectives. First from the utilitarian point of view, he explains that not attempting to conserve wild species jeopardizes resources that humans depend on. The second view, the bio centric position, he emphasizes that wild species have an 'inherent right to exist. I think that to him there are just no other options and he does not want readers to begin to consider not intervening in the lives of wild animals in order to conserve them.
G.E Moore argued against Ethical Naturalism as he believed that defining concepts such as ‘good’ are impossible and any attempt to define ‘good’ is to commit The Naturalistic Fallacy. The Naturalistic Fallacy is one of the main criticisms of Ethical Naturalism and would therefore suggest that ethical language is not very meaningful as it cannot be correctly defined. Moore believed there are moral properties, so ethical language is not completely devoid of meaning but it is limited as ‘good’ is a non-natural property which cannot be defined. Moore disagreed that ethical language could prove whether something is moral or
Those who oppose cognitivists are called non cognitivists and they believe that when someone makes a moral statement they are not describing the world, but they are merely expressing their feelings and opinions, they believe that moral statements are not objective therefore they cannot be verified as true or false. In this essay I will be discussing the multiple branches of cognitive theories and non cognitive theories in order to answer the Janus-like question whether or not moral statements truly hold objective meaning. Ethical naturalism is just one branch of a cognitive theory in which naturalists believe that ethical statements are the same as non-ethical ones, meaning they are all factual and can
The act was created to protect children and Templeman regarded the arguments on the words ‘is suffering’ as a distraction from the aim. ‘This is an example of judicial practicality and desire to see justice down’ . This case illustrates that the ‘rules’ of statutory interpretation do not have to be followed exactly and are merely guidelines. Lord Templeman states that the rules of interpretation have ‘an aura of scientific authenticity about them when the reality is that interpreting any document is more of an art than a science’ . In other words, the rules can only be guidelines because judges will clearly have different interpretations.
In particular, Siffre’s study was a case study, which focused on one individual person. Therefore, the results can’t be generalised to the wider population, as it doesn’t account for individual differences. (AO3) • Another weakness is that Siffre’s study only accounts for biological influences on the circadian rhythm and so only represents the nature side of the nature-nurture debate. This provides an unrealistic view of human behaviour because in real life both nature and nurture
TMA02 Methodology 1. Identify which of the following are correct descriptors of this study: A natural experiment is one descriptor of this study as it took place outside a laboratory setting and was conducted in the natural environment without interference or manipulation to the variables. Another descriptor of this study is an observational study as the researcher observed the participants without interacting with them and measured the variables of interest without assigning conditions. As Holly’s study only collected data the once this study was not longitudinal as this method collects data from an individual or group over a long period of time. Also the study is not experimental as the researcher did not manipulate the independent variable or randomise the participants to specific conditions.
141) 2) A. The essential element of causation is that A “produces” B or A “forces” B to occur. Empirically, we can never demonstrate A-B causality with certainty. The reason is that we do not “demonstrate” such causal linkages deductively. Unlike deductive conclusions, empirical conclusions are inferences— inductive conclusions.
TMA 02 (methodology) 1. Identify which of the following are correct descriptors of this study. The best descriptors of this study between mother and infant gestures are a natural experiment and an observational study as natural experiments are observational studies that are not controlled in the traditional sense of a randomised experiment. The main reason for using the natural experiment is that it is an empirical study in which the experimental conditions are determined by nature or other factors out of the control of the researcher. Holly did not want to replicate existing studies on imitation that had been conducted in the unnatural surroundings of a laboratory.
No correlation occurs when there is no relationship between the two variables. Correlational studies may suggest that there is a relationship between two variables it does not prove that one variable causes change in another variable. Correlation does not equal causation. (aboutpsychology) Researchers may gear towards correlational studies when naturally occurring variables may be unethical to perform. Graphical forms clearly allow researchers to see if there is a relationship between two variables.
In order to have a multidisciplinary perspective when conducting research Feather believes that research must be conducted in environments where there is no control over the natural habitat, and that there are no controllable variables. In this way this would be able to develop theories that encompass a large population not just a controlled individual.