The sexually transmissible disease gonorrhea has become increasingly resistant to treatment with antibiotics. What is the most likely scientific explanation? a) The gonorrhea bacteria learned to avoid antibiotics b) The gonorrhea bacteria changed their genes when they sensed antibiotics c) Antibiotic-sensitive gonorrhea bacteria died out, but antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea bacteria have flourished and persisted d) The antibiotic increased the mutation rate in the gonorrhea bacteria e) Both b and d 26. Which statement best describes the relationship between plants and animals on earth? a) Plants produce O2 and sugars from CO2 b) Animals produce CO2 and H2O from sugars and O2 c) Plants produce O2 and sugars and animals produce CO2 and H2O d) Animals produce O2 and sugars and plants produce CO2 and H2 27.
Decreased variation leads to a reduced ability to respond to a changing environment. Darwin developed three kinds of theory of natural selection. Those are struggle for existence, variation and role of the environment. Survive of the fittest is the result of differences in rates of survival and reproduction. Darwin reasoned that natural selection could eventually cause isolated populations of the same species to becme separate species as they adopted to their different enviroments.
Name:_________________________________________________________________ Period:______ Natural Selection Bunny Simulation http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/natural‐selection Adapted from the HHS Biology Team Feb, 2012. Background Information: In the mid 1800’s a scientist named Charles Darwin discovered and developed a mechanism for evolution that he called natural selection. Natural selection simply stated that within any population with variation there would be a struggle for existence that would ultimately lead to the survival of the fittest. Darwin then went on to say that those traits that were the most fit would be passed on to the next generation more frequently. This continual selection for certain traits and against others over
The genetic factors can be subdivided into mutations and chromosomal activity during sexual reproduction. Genes, the basic unit of inheritance, are lengths of DNA that code for a specific protein or RNA molecule. A mutation is a change to the nucleotide sequence of DNA which frequently causes a gene to code for a different or non-functional protein (Campbell et al. 2005). This often results in a change in the characteristics of an organism.
Similarly, the use of scare tactics, such as pictures of overdoses, has failed to bring about reductions in drug use. Instead, an alternative approach is to encourage harm minimisation. This approach accepts that people will engage in risky behaviour and tries to reduce the health risks by encouraging users to take the drug safely. For example, the provision of needle exchanges means that addicts do not share injecting equipment; this dramatically reduces the risk of getting blood infections such as hepatitis or HIV and AIDS. Another way of reducing the potential harm to intravenous drug users is to provide medically controlled drugs as a substitute for street drugs.
_If I were the assistant in question in this scenario, the ethical school of thought I would subscribe to would be the Virtue Ethics school of thought. The Virtue Ethics school of thought focuses on practical wisdom as well as moral character to solve these types of ethical issues. In this case, the patient does pose a certain risk to the healthcare providers since he does carry the AIDS virus, but practical wisdom tells me that, through the use of proper PPE and using caution and awareness, this risk is minimal and can be virtually eliminated altogether. On the other hand, if treatment were to be refused to this patient based on this slight and avoidable risk, the repercussions of that refusal would be much greater and more profound on my life and career than the risk of contracting AIDS through this procedure would be. Through this school of thought, the solution to the problem becomes obvious and I would continue to treat the patient while protecting myself with the use of gloves and other PPE as appropriate to the procedure.
The cane toad or Bufo Marinus is native specie to Central America and South America. In 1935, after the cane toad was intentionally introduced from Hawaii, the species began its ecologically sustainable control of the insects (greyback beetle, frenchi beetle) threatening commercial sugar cane, it continued to eradicate, but in a form as a problematic issue. Due to the animal’s large dominant size, reproductive capabilities, generalized eating habits and aggressive behavior, the cane toad phenomenon went from good to disastrous, providing a threat to biodiversity. The cane toad has been reclaimed as an ecological disaster after it has mounted a very successful intrusion into Australia and many other countries around the world. In addition,
Combating the spread of HIV / AIDS and Hepatic C: Needle exchange program works does work. Stopping the spread of HIV / AIDS and Hepatic C Has being a life long passion of mind. I am by no means condoning intravenous drug use because of its risky behavior. Opponents on the other hand may argue that needle exchange programs encourage illicit and immoral behavior and that we as a society should focus our time and energy on punishing interventions drug users, which would discouraging drug-usage, and provide them treatment centers instead. Several questions arise surrounding this debate: Do they save lives?
This strategy was effective in stopping the spread of the disease. This concept, in which an adequate part of the general population is made to be immune to a disease through vaccination, thus making any spread unlikely, is called herd immunity. (CDC,2009) A third reason smallpox has been eradicated is that the World Health Organization (WHO) has assisted poor underdeveloped countries with effective vaccination programs. Not only has this eliminated the risk to those countries, but has also decreased the chance of travelers to these areas carrying the virus back to their own
So why is it that we would say that the possibility of genetic engineering being used for something less urgent than preventing a life-threatening illness is a reason to not allow it to be used at all? I think it might be a very good thing to take a few steps down the slope. Genetic engineering of this type is in its infancy, but you could easily foresee a time when we could address all kinds of not life-threatening but still bothersome conditions. So I totally agree with the procedure, if we could free people from things on the order of allergies or myopia, which would be an enormous benefit to