In order to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness of preventive surgeries, I would need to see a chart of how many people the surgery was a success for and for how many people it had no effect. Based on the average ages, both of these mutations affect older woman. The average age at diagnosis for the BRCA1 mutation is 43.9, while the average age for BRCA2 is 46.2. The women that these mutations effect most likely have already had kids and may have passed the cancer down to their
After researching the 10 leading causes of death in the United states, I discovered that they were heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, stroke, accidents, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, influenza and pneumonia, nephritis and suicide. Heart disease being the leading cause of death is surprising to me because that is an illness that can relatively be controlled. Heart disease can be caused by unhealthy diet, smoking, lack of exercise and being overweight. Since this is known to everyone that heart disease is a huge risk, it's surprising that more people so not take more action to reduce this risk. In my opinion, a disease that can be controlled by just keeping yourself healthy, should not be a leading cause of death.
• Unexplained weight loss. Doctors are not clear what causes colon cancer, but are aware that polyps and an inherited gene mutation are possible precursors to colon cancer. The inherited gene mutations that increase the risk of colon cancer are: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). FAP is a rare disorder that causes you to develop thousands of polyps in the lining of your colon and rectum. People with untreated FAP have a greatly increased risk of developing colon cancer before age 40.
Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that develops from cells originating in the mesothelium, also known as the protective lining that covers many of the internal organs. It is usually caused by exposure to asbestos. Most people who develop mesothelioma have worked in jobs where they inhaled asbestos, or were exposed to asbestos dust and fibers. Signs and symptoms of mesothelioma include shortness of breath due to chest wall pain, and signs such as unexplained weight loss. The diagnosis may be suspected with chest X-ray and CT scan, but must be confirmed pathologically either with serous effusion cytology or with a biopsy and microscopic examination.
People that use tanning beds on a regular bases are more likely to develop skin cancer. Every year more than a thousand people are diagnosed with skin cancer due to the exposure to the UV rays from tanning beds. When skin cancer is found quickly, it can be successfully treated. The bad news is that not many people will catch it until it is to late, because they only start to take notice when there have been changes in skin’s texture and appearance which are the symptoms of skin cancer in advanced stage. “There is no question that this exposure causes thousands of skin cancer deaths a year,” says the president of the Society of Melanoma Research - David E. Fisher.
Furthermore, different stages of cancer will be treated with different methods and therapies. Most and many cancers will develop abnormal tumors. Killing the cancer cells and isolating the tumor will be ideal for preventing the spreading of the disease throughout the body. In Hong Kong, there are two main ways to treat cancer; Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy. Radiotherapy can be done mainly with two machines.
There are two vaccines (Gardisil and Cervaix) that are given to year 8 girls to prevent HPV. “This vaccine is said to save an estimate of 400 women each year [1].” A pathogen is a biological agent that causes diseases or illness to its host A cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph system. Cancer is a problem to body because it can spread and then takes over parts of the body that carries out essential functions A vaccine protects your body from specific diseases that make you become very ill, disabled or even kill you. The way the HPV vaccine works is by using an inactive form of the virus.
Lung cancer is the deadliest form of cancer, with nearly 90% of patients dying within 2 years of diagnosis, in large part because it tends to be diagnosed late (Gulyn and Youssef, 2010). Signs and Symptoms Initial presentation of lung cancer, regardless of gender, tend to be nonspecific, as a chronic or new cough in 65% to 75% of cases, with 25% or more having a productive cough (Yoder, 2006). Since lung cancer often occurs in central airways it can also present as pneumonia and lymph enlargement; hemoptysis will occur in 20% to 30% of patients. Other symptoms include dyspnea , with 60% of patients developing it early and 65% developing it at some time during their illness (Yoder, 2006). About 50% of patients present initially with chest pain (Yoder, 2006).
Causes and effects of lung cancer and breast cancer Cancer can be defined as a disease resulting from uncontrolled growth of normal cells. Uncontrolled cells cause a mass called a tumour. There are up to 200 forms of cancer as there are over 200 several kinds of body cells (Institute of Cancer Research in the UK. 2013). Jamal et al (2011) studied the number of fatal cases of cancer and he found that, breast cancer in females and lung cancer in men kill many people in both developed and non-developing countries.
Continuing down the list, people will find patients that are at less of a risk for waiting. As a patient is waiting for an organ, their conditions may start to worsen. If this occurs, they move up the list. This causes controversy because some people have been on the waiting list for ten years or more, and they just moved down on the list because someone’s condition worsened. “Organs fail more quickly in patients who wait three years for a transplant versus patients who receive one immediately” (Monti 1).