Climate: The Climate in the Simpson Desert is an extremely hot and dry during the days with cooler nights that reach very low temperatures. The Simpson has 2 different seasons; summer and winter. In the summer temperatures are averagely 26- 39 degrees and in winter it’s 18- 24 degrees, with a record high of 50 degrees and a low of -2 degrees. In the winter of the Simpson Desert it is generally cooler, however during July heat waves may occur. The Simpson Desert has a lack of rainfall due to the distance from the sea and the temperature.
The dry season lasts nine months and drought is a constant threat. It is hot with low rainfall and the soil suffers from erosion. The shallow infertile soil and heavy dependence on rain-fed makes agriculture difficult. Food shortages are common and food security is a challenge. 37% of children
Due to the fact it is near the continental equatorial, the climate is hot and humid with an average rainfall of 2000mm over most of the reserve, and falls to 1700m in the south, with a slightly drier season from June to August. The rains are mostly downpours, and on only about 30 days in the year is precipitation less than 20mm. Because of the heavy rainfall, the area is known for seasonal flooding. The average relative humidity is about 86%, regularly reaching its highest at night, but maintaining an average of 77% during the day. Average daily temperatures are on average 86°F, and at night they drop to an average of 68°F, with an annual average temperature is 76.5°F.
Firstly, we can look at how physical reasons cause insecurity. Due to the variation in the earth’s climate, there is an unequal distribution of rain around the globe. Countries with arid temperatures, such as many countries in Africa, have extremely high levels of evaporation and low amounts of rainfall. LICS often suffer the most from these droughts. For example, between 50,000 and 100,000 people died during the drought in East Africa which affected the countries of Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya.
Desert areas are similar however different to glacial areas. Desert areas consist of sand along with dry heat and very little rainfall. Glacier areas are made of cold patches of ice and very windy with high temperatures. Most land marks today that contribute to deserts are deforestation which can also lead to erosion. Not only does this leads to erosion but, when sand dunes occur this can cause health risk to the lives of citizens living in a particular area.
The downside to the central highlands though are multiple thunderstorms that cause incredible damage due to lighting strikes. The capital, Antananarivo, receives almost all its average annual 1.4 meters of rainfall between the months of November and April. The dry season is nice and sunny but can be cooler in the morning time. Frost is common at the highest elevations in Madagascar and provides some of the clearest blue skies to view in the world. The west coast is much drier than the central highlands and east coast due to the winds losing humidity by the time they reach this side of island.
There was little cloud cover to protect the land from the sun or to provide moisture from rain. Also the high pressure equatorial belts and rain shadow effect kept the area dry. Therefore the land became loose and dry and blew away with the winds, spreading over large surfaces of area creating deserts.Deserts are usually found 15 and 30 degrees North and South of the Equator. They generally lie on the Western side of land masses and are affected by cold ocean currents. Examples of Hot Desert Biomes are the Sahara Desert covering most of South Africa, one country being Sudan, and the Namib Desert in Namibia.
The grassland biomes are usually semi-arid areas of land dominated by grass as the main form of vegetation with little or no trees, such as tropical savannah and mid-latitude grassland (WorldBiomes.com, 2009). The desert biomes are associated with aridity and extremely low precipitations (WorldBiomes.com, 2009). As a result, they have thinly dispersed plants and a high percentage of ground exposed to direct insolation and weathering (Strahler, 1975). Hot and dry desert,
Another barrier that does not allow Africa to develop into a prosperous continent is agricultural issues. Currently, 85-90 percent of Africa’s surface is unsuitable for agriculture. This is a major issue in terms of production of goods, and natural food. The Sahara desert is the world’s largest warm desert in the world. It takes up a significant amount of space in the continent of Africa.
The climate of Arabia is very dry and has high temperatures. Arabia lacks forests and rivers and therefore is a wild mountainous area in which people led nomadic lives. The center of Arabia is mostly desert with oases scattred around which provide food and water for settlements. The surroundings in which the people of Pre- Islamic Arabia lived in was corrupted and very harsh they were living in the days of ignorance (jahilliya).It was the time in Arabia prior to the coming of Islam brought by Prophet Muhammad. The Ka'bah was filled with idols; Mecca got quite alot of wealth from this as they were paid to look after the idol statues .Most of the Arabs were idol worshippers.