By collectivizing and industrializing the agriculture and industries. Stalin hoped to improve Russia’s economy through making production of food and materials more efficient. To assess how successful were Stalin’s industrial policies in developing the Russian economy one would have to measure the results by the production of goods and the quality of life as that is much to do with food production. By 1928, the USSR was 20 million tons of grain short to feed the towns. Industrialization was creating even more towns, increasing this problem.
Stolypin believed that the encouragement of a class such as the Kulaks would make them hostile to further change therefore more conservative and loyal to the Tsar as the Tsar had made them wealthy. Furthermore, peasants made up 85% of the population of Russia and a majority relied on agriculture for their income. Reforms that would please the ‘dark masses’ would strengthen the tsarist regime. Another reason for reforming agriculture was to oppress peasant unrest. In Poltava and Kharkov provinces, mass impoverishment of the peasants, which was exacerbated by the poor harvests of 1901 led to 40,000 peasants took part in an uprising where they also ransacked 150 landlord properties.
During these years, which mark the first in Mao’s reign as leader in China, there were a number of key features of Communist rule in China, notably land reform, economic policies, as well as violence. In this essay, I intend to argue that violence was a key feature, but that there are other factors that could be described as being ‘key’ also. Mao’s immediate aim upon coming to power was to gain control of the cities, where the GMD had been at its strongest. He was determined to stamp out any remaining support for the GMD and ordered massacres of suspects. 65,000 people were killed in Guangzhou and 28,000 in Shanghai.
There were even warnings from the scientists who said there would be high soil erosion, but the project went ahead. Consequently in 1960 dust storms damaged over 13,000 square hectares of land. Over this period grain cost 20% more than the national average to produce and in 1961 to 1964 it became twice as high. Although the 'Virgin Land' scheme had good purposes, it proved to be not sufficient, as short-sightedness led to the erosion of soil before any long term success was witnessed, evidence of the Stalinist structure that Khrushchev had planned to rid of. The long-term decline of his policies stood as a contrast to his reputation, helping to lead to his
Stalin’s five year plans set goals for farms and factories. These objectives would help agriculture and industries catch up to their neighbors. They overall were a success because industry picked up five point eight times more than when started (Five year plans had a down side to them because they set unrealistic goals for farmers, this killed many people ( Doc.8). If you didn’t meet quota the farm leader would get shot and the quota would increase again, this created a mass killing cycle and killed thousands. However collectivized farms were an overall success because of higher grain numbers and
Sherrie L. Smith Instructor: Laura Perry US History II (R62-S12C) February 4th, 2012 Political Tension In 1890s the depression played a large role of political tension. Government responses to depression during the 1890s exhibited elements of complexity, confusion, and contradiction. Yet they also showed a pattern that confirmed the transitional character of the era and clarified the role of the business crisis in the emergence of modern America. As demand for American goods and crops decreased, falling prices affected both the agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Corn, wheat, and cotton farmers responded by planting more, which only worsened the problem.
This act gave farmers subsidies for voluntarily reducing there crops sizes and spacing there planting times. The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was used to revive the industries by raising the workers wages but decreasing the hours worked. This cut all excess production so they would be a greater demand. Even though this act was ruled unconstitutional, it had many lasting affects on America. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was a very inspirational act that led to the emphasis of using the rivers resources for common gain.
Much like Tsarist reforming leaders, Witte and Alexander II, a poor economic situation also significantly influenced Lenin’s reforms, showing a nuanced continuity between factors influencing reforms in the Tsarist and Communist state. The peasants were at first discontented by the reform, for” a tax of 10% was imposed upon the harvest” (Acton), leading to crop prices temporarily rising, causing a famine reminiscent of the Tsarist age, indicating little change. However a year later the grain harvest increased by 19 million tonnes, this proved to be significant as the impacts of the NEP allowed Russian society to become more self-sufficient, without the need for imports. The reform was also significant, as it encouraged the growth of a bourgeoisie in the form of NEP men; older Bolsheviks viewed them as a threat to the socialist government, yet they accepted that a middle class was a necessary step towards complete socialism. The view that Lenin’s reforms were significant, therefore is credible, for despite gaining a government that had been ravaged by two wars, and rapid inflation, after about eight years Lenin’s NEP encouraged great economic growth, thus consolidating the position of the Bolshevik government in Russian society based upon Lenin’s work as a reforming
Some of the exchanges that took place between the Old World and the New World included sugar, coffee, vegetables, precious metals, livestock, and diseases. These exchanges had both good and bad effects. Precious metals seemed to be a good thing, but they were plundered from the Aztec and Incan empires and usually melted down, destroying artifacts from those societies. Because these metals were so abundant, it caused inflation, thus actually lowering the standard of living for most in Europe. The crops helped to provide good food for the peasants of Europe and Ireland, helping to end the huge problem of famine.
Killing buffalo began in the 1860s as the transcontinental railroads pushed west, and it stepped up as settlers found they could harm the Indians by harming the buffalo. The railroads were heavily encouraged by the federal government, particularly where private and foreign investment was lacking due to the risk of fluctuations inherent in the emergent capitalist economy. Between 1865-1900 the federal government gave millions of acres of land and cash loans to aid railroad construction.. Government policy created Northwest Railroad Act to influence agriculture growth. The Morrill Land Grant Act gave money and land to build