General Motors Essay

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Executive Decision Making At General Motors Question #1: How have GM’s strategy, structure and decision-making processes evolved over time? How well aligned were they in each of the three major eras? Strategy: Three major strategies included an ingenuous marketing policy, a commitment to innovation and internal diversification, With focus on market share, the divisions compete with each other. Top managers became more focused on cost than revenue ALFRED SLOAN’S GM: Reviving up (1920-1956) In 1908: Billy Durant Created the first automotive conglomerate and first vertically integrated company in the industry. Challenge: Poor management decision because internal competition and duplication were tolerated and often encouraged. In 1918: Alfred Slaon Reorganized GM’s structure and management processes to be in line with its strategies. Strategy: Three major strategies included an ingenuous marketing policy, a commitment to innovation and internal diversification. Structure: Multi-divisional structure called “decentralization with coordinated control.” Policy and Decision Making Processes: Coordinated control in the decentralized organization came from the Management Policy and the Policy Groups. Management Committee: Ultimately responsibility for decisions around resourse allocation, spending authorities and planning for GM’s future resided until 1992. Policy Groups: Met monthly to set standards and policies to provide recommendations to Management Committee, while they had no funding authority. Result: Ranked #1 of Fortune 500 in 1955 in both sales and net profits. Challenges: Innovation structure is unchanged until 1990; independence and decentralization may not be able to respond the major changes quickly. COASTING TOWARDS COLLISION (1960S TO 1990S) Increased competition and oil crisis in 1970s tested GM’s prevailing strategy, structure

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